我国东部季风区迁飞小地老虎的虫源追溯研究

The black cutworm, is a serious migratory insect pest. Our previous studies using radar monitoring and searchlight trapping on a small island in the center of the Bohai Strait during 2003-2016 indicated that A. ipsilon undertakes regular migration between the Northeast agricultural region and other agricultural regions every year from early April till end of October. The simultaneous sudden increase of A. ipsilon moths in North, East, Northeast, and Central China provide further evidences for their migration in the different agricultural regions of the Eastern monsoon region. However, it’s still unknown what pattern of seasonal migration this specie exhibits over the Eastern monsoon region. The natal origin of A. ipsilon adults in the Eastern monsoon region will be studied using the natural abundance of stable isotopes in A. ipsilon wing membranes and pollens adhered on A. ipsilon moths. Further the population relations, population characteristics and outbreak mechanism of migration A. ipsilon in Eastern monsoon region will be analyzed on the basis of the stable isotope characteristics and the pollen carrier characteristics. Our work will provide effective information for the forecast and management of A. ipsilon.

小地老虎是重要的迁飞性农业害虫。2003-2016年，我们在山东省长岛县北隍城乡采用雷达观测和灯诱监测发现：自4月初至10月底，小地老虎在我国东北农业区和其他农业区之间进行着有规律迁飞。同时，东北、华北、华东、华中地区诱虫灯下的“同期突增”蛾峰进一步表明小地老虎在我国东部季风区不同农业区之间进行着迁移，但不同农业区间的虫源关系与虫源性质尚不明确。本项目拟应用前期发展的稳定同位素和植物DNA条形码技术对小地老虎在我国东部季风区的虫源转移进行追溯，根据成虫高峰期小地老虎的稳定同位素特征和花粉携带特点研究东部季风区不同区域小地老虎虫源关系和虫源性质，探索其在东部季风区的灾变机制。小地老虎在我国东部季风区虫源关系及虫源性质的明确，对于小地老虎的预测预报、异地治理具有重要意义。

小地老虎是重要的迁飞性农业害虫，其在我国东部季风区不同农业区之间进行着迁移，但不同农业区间的虫源关系与虫源性质尚不明确。本项目应用前期发展的稳定同位素和植物DNA条形码技术对小地老虎在我国东部季风区的虫源转移进行追溯。小地老虎花粉携带情况表明不同地区小地老虎花粉携带率在0.95%-28.13%之间，雌蛾喙部花粉携带率高于雄蛾（p<0.05），雄蛾触角花粉携带率高于雌蛾（p<0.05）。迁飞小地老虎携带花粉共计33种，主要种类包括板栗/欧洲板栗、女贞/裂果女贞、柑橘、苦楝、野木瓜属/八月瓜属、油橄榄、紫穗槐、赤杨叶、刺槐、冬青属、短刺栲、山樱、蒲公英等。6月份吉林、山东、湖北、安徽样本均携带板栗花粉，辽宁、吉林、安徽样本携带女贞花粉，此期华北区小地老虎应为同一虫源。小地老虎翅中δD与水源中δD存在较强的相关关系，根据小地老虎翅中δD和降雨中δD的相关关系，发现5、6月份东部季风区跨渤海迁飞小地老虎主要来自长江流域，7月底至8月份跨海迁飞小地老虎主要来自华北地区，9、10月份跨海迁飞小地老虎主要来自东北中部和南部地区。小地老虎在我国东部季风区虫源关系及虫源性质的明确，为小地老虎的预测预报、异地治理提供了依据。