糖基水解酶第五家族趋异进化同长白山温泉圈微生物适应性进化关系的生物学机制研究

Changbai Mountain's ancient geological features and the unique geographical environment determine the specificity and originality of the microbial resources. There are lots of thermophilic and psychrophilic species and genetic resources. In order to take advantage of these microbial resources better,in this project we will 1) study the phylogeny of microorganisms among the hot spring circle in the Mountain such as high thermal hot springs, the surrounding soil and snow spots. Separate and identify novel thermophilic, mesophilic and psychrotrophic microorganisms. 2) design and synthesis probing primers and fish glucosidase gene from the solated microorganisms. Clone and characterize enzymatic properties. 3) profile the enzyme’s structure by using computational biology, protein crystallization and X-ray diffraction techniques. The implementation of the project, on the one hand, we will obtain a lot of microbial resources, and reveal the diversity of microbial community structure, phylogeny and microbial metabolism and temperature distribution characteristics of the Changbai Mountain Spring.circle. Discuss the relationship between the key enzyme in microbial metabolism and adaptive evolution; On the other hand, we can obtain lots of novel glycosyl hydrolases, as well as better understand the convergent or divergent evolution of the enzyme.

长白山古老的地质特征和独特的地理环境决定了其温泉圈微生物资源的特殊性和原始性。这里蕴藏着丰富的嗜热、嗜冷物种和基因资源。为了更好地合理利用这些微生物资源，本项目将1）长白山温泉圈内高热温泉、周边土壤及雪斑内微生物的系统发育进行研究；分离并鉴定嗜热、嗜温和嗜冷微生物。2）根据糖基水解酶第五家族保守氨基酸序列设计合成探针引物，钓取所分离微生物内糖苷酶基因，克隆并表征酶学特性。3）利用计算生物学技术模拟酶结构，利用蛋白质结晶和X光衍射技术解析酶结构。本项目的实施，一方面将在获得更多微生物资源的同时，从分子角度揭示长白山温泉圈微生物群落结构多样性、系统发育及微生物代谢与温度分布特点，深入探讨微生物代谢关键酶与适应性进化相关性；另一方面，可预期获得具有不同特性的糖基水解酶，更深入的研究酶结构-功能的变异，对于了解生命起源与进化，设计新酶以及认识酶的趋同或趋异进化机制都会提供重要的启示。