红麻遗传连锁图谱构建及重要性状基因定位

Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is one of the most economically important crops for fiber production. To better understand the genetic basis of kenaf for the improvement of kenaf production and lay the foundation for molecular breeding efforts, a associated recombinant inbred line（RIL）mapping population comprising 150 F7:8 lines were developed from a cross between cultivar Alian kenaf (from Egypt) and Fuhong 992 (from Fujian agriculture and forestry university) with fine qualities of high quality and disease resistance through single-seed descent method (SSD). This RIL population was used to construct a genetic linkage map with 78 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), 25 inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphism (ISSR), 22 sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers and 300 target region amplified polymorphism (TRAP). The genetic linkage map was constructed by Mapmaker/Exp 3.0 software. Then mapped six qualitative traits genes including leaf petiole color, leaf shape, dimension of corolla, corolla shape, stem color, and axillaries bud on the basis of the linkage map. Using this population two location field tests were conducted, with a randomized complete block design, to charactererize seven yield traits: growth stages, plant height, number of nodes, stem diameter, fresh bark weight per plant, dry bark weight per plant, and 1000-seed weight. By using the data of field tests and MCIM method, these important yield traits were located and their genetic interactions were analyzed. The results will provide an important basis for gene cloning, comparative mapping and DNA markers tightly linked to agronomic and adaptive important genes may be used as molecular tools for MAS in plant breeding program.

红麻是重要的纤维作物之一，对其遗传连锁图谱的构建与重要性状定位可促进分子水平上的研究。本项目以来自埃及的阿联红麻为母本，福建农林大学育成的高产优质抗病新品种福红992为父本配制杂交组合，采用单粒传方法构建含150个F7：8家系的重组自交系（RIL）分离群体，利用78对SRAP多态性引物、25条ISSR引物、22个SCAR标记、300对TRAP引物，构建一张高密度、分布均匀的红麻遗传连锁图谱，在此基础上进行6个重要质量性状(叶柄色、叶型、花冠大小、花冠形状、茎色、腋芽)，7个数量性状(生育期、株高、节数、茎粗、单株鲜皮重、单株干皮重和种子千粒重)的QTL定位，可为今后红麻基因克隆、分子标记辅助育种等研究奠定基础。

红麻属于锦葵科木槿属一年生韧皮纤维作物，是一种重要的纤维作物，高密度遗传连锁图谱的构建与重要性状的定位可促进分子水平育种的研究。本研究以来自埃及的阿联红麻为母本，福建农林大学育成的高产优质抗病新品种福红992为父本配制杂交组合，通过单粒传方法构建了127个F7：8家系的重组自交系（RIL）分离群体，目前构建的遗传图谱有4167个SLAF位点，总图距为1,952.68cM，分布在18个连锁群，与红麻的染色体数一致，标记之间的平均间距为0.47cM，达到精细定位的要求。考察了茎色、叶柄色、叶形3个质量性状与株高、茎粗、鲜皮厚、单株鲜茎重、单株鲜皮重、单株干皮重、单株千粒重、50公分的单株鲜皮重、单株纤维重、干皮精洗率、纤维重11个数量性状，这些性状的定位为今后纤维发育相关基因的克隆奠定良好的基础。从21对多态性SRAP引物中回收了39条差异性条带进行测序，筛选到15对特异性SCAR引物，可用于已有图谱的加密，以及不同单位构建的图谱之间的比较与整合。最后建立了红麻管家基因表达稳定性的评价体系，为后续开展纤维功能基因克隆奠定基础。