Antimicrobial peptides widely exist in organism in nature, and are regarded presently as the most ideal substitute of antibiotics, with its small molecular weight, broad antibacterial spectrum, good thermal stability, non-producing resistance, enhancing animal natural immunity and other advantages. In recent years, the study of antimicrobial peptides has made some progress, but its enhancing immune ability is not very clear, which affect their comprehensive development and utilization. On the basis of preliminary study, using antimicrobial peptide analogue JH-3 from bovine as the object, its effect on the innate immune cells will be study by chemotaxis assay, phayocytosis assay and killing bacteria in cell. In addition, the molecular mechanism of JH-3 enhancing cell phagocytosis will be clarified by testing the binding between macrophage and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the content of active molecules killing bacteria and its signal transmission. Finally, the role of JH-3 in protecting the mice from invading by a multidrug resistance Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and its mutants with the deficient of LPS will also be detected. In summary, the results will provide a necessary theoretical basis for further development of safe and high efficiency of new antibacterial peptide preparation.
抗菌肽在自然界生物体广泛存在,以其分子量小、抗菌谱广、热稳定性好、不易产生耐药及增强动物天然免疫力等优势,被国际上公认为是当前抗生素最理想的替代品。近年来,抗菌肽的研究虽然取得了一定的进展,但其对动物体增强免疫能力的分子作用机制还不十分明确,影响了抗菌肽的综合开发利用。本项目在前期研究基础上,以牛源抗菌肽类似物JH-3为研究对象,通过细胞趋化、吞噬、胞内杀菌等试验,以阐明JH-3对巨噬细胞生物功能影响。通过检测巨噬细胞对脂多糖(LPS)结合、胞内活性杀菌分子含量及其信号传导通路,以证明JH-3增强细胞吞噬功能的分子机制。最后,通过动物感染试验,来评价JH-3在多重耐药鼠伤寒沙门氏菌及其脂多糖(LPS)缺失突变株对小鼠侵袭的作用。本课题将阐明JH-3增强动物天然免疫能力的分子机制,为未来安全、高效抗菌肽的临床推广应用提供必要的理论依据。
近年来,由于传统抗生素滥用,导致临床上多种耐药菌株、超级细菌层出不穷。因此,寻找抗生素替代品迫在眉睫。抗菌肽是生物体抵抗外来微生物入侵时产生的一类防御性小肽,被国际上公认为当前最具潜力的抗生素替代品之一。本项目以本课题组从牛红细胞血红蛋白α亚基中分离到的抗菌肽P3类似物——抗菌肽JH-3和沙门氏菌CVCC541为研究对象,详细评价了JH-3增强小鼠天然免疫防御的分子机制:体外研究确定JH-3对沙门氏菌CVCC541最小抑菌浓度;利用扫描和透射电子显微镜进行细菌形态学观察,发现JH-3能够改变细菌的通透性,破坏细菌细胞膜完整性,导致菌内容物Ca2+和Na+等离子的外泄;鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7上探索了JH-3的作用机制,建立了沙门氏菌感染RAW264.7细胞模型,在细胞模型上评价JH-3对抗感染作用效果,结果证实JH-3可以通过抑制MAPK(p38)信号通路降低沙门氏菌感染介导的炎性因子IL-2、 IL-6、TNF-a的释放,表明JH-3具有良好的抗炎效果,同时JH-3还可以有效抑制caspase-3和caspase-8的活化,降低沙门氏菌诱导的巨噬细胞凋亡。体内研究首先建立了沙门氏菌CVCC541感染BALB/c小鼠模型,筛选获得细菌最佳感染剂量;在小鼠模型上评价JH-3抵抗沙门氏菌CVCC541感染的效果,结果发现感染BALB/c小鼠后前期治疗效果优于沙门氏菌CVCC541感染后期进行JH-3治疗的效果,感染后前期治疗可显著保护小鼠免受致死剂量沙门氏菌CVCC541的攻击,小鼠存活率高达100%,临床症状评分、血液和脏器荷菌数降低,小肠肠道病理变化减轻,脾脏中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞比例降低,T淋巴细胞比例增加,均趋于正常值。本研究首次将抗菌肽JH-3用于沙门氏菌CVCC541的体内治疗性效果研究,且对不同剂量和不同治疗时间效果进行评价,为后期新型抗菌药物的研究奠定基础。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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