工业炉窑烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞的同步生化去除研究

Sulfur dioxide, lead and mercury coexisted in industrial furnace gas, which is one of the important precursors in the formation of fog and haze. In this study, the sulfur dioxide could be transformed to reduced sulfide by the bio-catalysis of sulfate reducing bacteria. the effluent of biotreatment process were used to leach industrial furnace gas. Reduced sulfide could reacted with sulfur dioxide, lead, mercury, etc,and formed metal sulfide and sulfur. During this process, the sulfur dioxide, lead and mercury in industrial furnace gas could be removal simultaneously..Through the systematic research on the types of carbon source on metabolite composition reduction of sulfite, revealed variation of involving sulfur component in the biological treatment system of sulfate reducing bacteria, clarified reaction mechanism about components of involving sulfur component and soluble microbial products reacted with sulfur dioxide, lead and mercury and fate model. Analyzing the cumulative effect of soluble salts, soluble microbial products in the system and the stress response of SRB. Explored method to solve and release the inhibition. realize the synchronization removal and reuse of sulfur dioxide, lead and mercury, which effect-cost process and provide the theoretical basis and engineering guidance for industrial furnace gas treatment.

二氧化硫、铅、汞等共存于工业炉窑烟气，是雾霾形成的重要前驱体之一。本研究提出利用硫酸盐还原菌将烟气中二氧化硫转化为还原态硫；采用生化处理出水对烟气的淋洗，还原态硫化物与烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞等反应生成单质硫、金属硫化物等，实现烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞的同步去除。.通过对碳源类型对还原亚硫酸根的代谢产物成分构成的系统研究，揭示硫酸盐还原菌生化处理系统中涉硫组分、溶解性微生物产物的变化规律，阐明生化处理出水中涉硫组分、溶解性微生物代谢产物与烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞的反应机理和归趋模式；分析可溶性盐类、微生物代谢产物在系统中的累积效应及SRB的应激行为，探索缓解对策措施，实现烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞等的同步去除及资源化回收，为工业炉窑烟气的低耗高效处理提供理论基础和工程指导。

二氧化硫、铅、汞等共存于工业炉窑烟气，是雾霾形成的重要前驱体之一。本研究提出利用硫酸盐还原菌将烟气中二氧化硫转化为还原态硫；采用生化处理出水对烟气吸收液反应，还原态硫化物与烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞等反应生成硫化汞、金属硫化物等，实现烟气中二氧化硫、铅、汞的同步去除及资源化回收，具有物耗能耗低、反应条件温和、工艺简单等优势。.SRB 还原过程中限速步骤主要为亚硫酸根转化为硫化氢的过程，利用氮气吹脱硫化氢后，硫酸根的去除率可从 83.5% 提高到 91.24%，pH 由6.87上升至8.31，为后续烟气高效脱硫除重奠定了基础。含硫烟气经预淋洗酸洗可有效对烟气中盐分及重金属进行去除，残余汞可与脱硫系统所产高活性纳米生物硫磺反应生成硫化汞而得以去除。.在生化烟气脱硫及硫回收反应体系中，pH=(4.04±0.10)、ORP=(-134±17mV)时硫磺产量最大,硫磺产率大于 40%；S2O32-与 S2- 的产硫磺反应为副反应,有利于硫磺的产生;近中性条件下硫磺的消耗归因于产多硫化物和连多硫酸盐反应的进行；所回收硫为球状高纯斜方硫，生化硫磺被胞外多聚物粘附裹挟。离心分离法和絮凝沉淀法具有较高的生物硫磺回收率，最高回收率分别可达99.65% 和97.12%。.以有机碳作为SRB代谢的电子供体，生化系统存在蛋白质和多糖的累积，其不仅降低生化脱硫效率，还在生物硫磺表面附着，造成硫磺回收困难和纯度下降；以氢气为SRB电子供体，可显著降低生化系统内蛋白质和多糖的累积效应。.以氢气作为硫酸盐还原菌的电子供体、采用气提内循环式反应器，可有效解除酸、重金属等多重毒性抑制，体系中硫酸盐去除率由 36.5%提升至 91.24%，且其产碱效率提升了 3 倍，脱硫弧菌属的相对丰度也由 48%提升至 73%；硫化氢与重金属沉淀得到金属硫化物纯度可达 98.12%；反应系统内有机物含量极低，可有效避免胞外多聚物、溶解性有机物在系统内的累积。