双群体涌现的智能虚拟根系建模与仿真研究

Research of virtual root system will fund new approaches to cognize complexly physiological and ecological mechanisms of the whole plant and have important significance to scientifically study on quantification of plant plasticity under soil environmental heterogeneity and understanding of individual survival and population life extension of plant. However, there is a lack of relevant research on how to effectively model and simulate complexly phenotypic plasticity exhibited by the root growth and development at home and abroad. The project will transform the traditional methods which formally build linear branching and elongation model. Root primordium that produces branching is used as sub agent. Root tip that realizes elongation is used as mother agent. Based on perspective of double swarms, models of root morphology, behavior and intelligence features are presented. Firstly, swarm behaviors of the two groups are identified through analyzing root branching and growth phenotype. Based on membrane model and polar transport model, models of individual environmental perception and communication among individual are constructed. By combining parallel structure of root growth and evolution with identified swarm behaviors, relational model between sub group and mother swarm is built. Then, the expression of the virtual root phenotypic plasticity will be achieved under soil environmental regulation. Research on the subject will provide new ideas and methods for the study of virtual root.

虚拟根系研究将为从整体上认知植物复杂的生理生态机制开辟新的途径，对于系统研究在土壤环境异质性下植物的可塑性量化、理解植物个体的生存及其种群生命的延续具有重要意义。然而针对在土壤环境调控下根系生长发育表现出的复杂可塑性表型，如何对其进行有效建模与仿真，目前国内外尚缺少相关研究。本项目改变以线性形式化方法构建分枝与伸长模型建立虚拟根系的传统方法，以产生分枝的根原基为子智能个体，实现伸长的根尖为母智能个体，以双群体智能为视角对根系形态、行为以及智能特征进行建模。首先通过对根系分枝与生长表型的分析识别各智能群体的行为方式；以膜模型及极性传输模型为基础构建各智能群体对环境的感知及群体中智能个体间的通信模型；结合根系生长演化的并行结构及群体行为方式建立双智能群体间的关系模型，结合环境调控下双智能群体的交互实现虚拟根系表型可塑性表达，从而为实现虚拟根系研究提供新的思路与方法。

由于根系的复杂性以及不易观测的特征，根系建模与仿真一直是虚拟植物研究的薄弱环节。本项目针对根系建模与仿真的关键技术和难点展开研究，取得了一些研究成果。代表研究成果主要包含以下几个方面：1.构建了以根尖为智能个体的根尖群体模型，根尖智能个体感知土壤环境模型，以及基于排斥吸引对齐的根尖智能个体间的交互模型，通过根尖智能个体感知的资源以及根尖智能个体间的交互，实现了根系伸长过程的建模与仿真。2.构建了以根原基为智能个体的根原基群体模型，根原基个体感知土壤环境模型，以及基于Parrondo博弈的根原基群体博弈模型，通过根原基智能个体感知的资源以及根原基个体间的博弈，实现了根系分枝过程的建模与仿真。3.在已有的根尖群体模型和根原基群体模型基础上，基于L系统构建了虚拟根系模型，实现了根系生长过程建模与仿真。项目实施过程中课题组在Acta Physiologiae Plantarum等国内外期刊上发表论文5篇，授权发明专利1项，参加多个重要会议，开展深入的学术交流。