漂流性鱼卵生态属性和漂移轨迹的量化响应关系研究

The individual attributes and the hydrological processes which work together to influence the transport process and abundance distribution of pelagic egg in the river. The most methods and models of individual movement in the water assumptions of individual property does not affect drifting, also, individual motion velocity is based on the equality of flow velocity. Generally speaking, the application of these assumptions in the most study of early life history of fish, especially in the calculation of spawning ground for fish with drifting eggs. However, even fish in the embryonic period also has dynamic attributes with the change of developmental stages such as quality, volume, and these changes of individual attributes may result in more variations of drift regularity. So, it is necessary to carry out related research. Here, through the existing data collation, laboratory experiment and field test, we plan to use fishes with pelagic eggs as the research object to study the quantitative research the relationship between drifting fish eggs individual attributes, environmental effect and the fish eggs drift trajectory, construction the calculating model of the spawning grounds for fish with drifting eggs base on the above results. Results of the present study will be helpful in spawning grounds accurate positioning and fish resources protection. So our research has great significance in theory and application.

漂流性鱼卵在河道中的输送过程与丰度分布是其个体属性和水文过程共同作用的结果，为简化计算过程，在产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场推算中一般假设个体属性不影响鱼卵漂移、鱼卵与水介质等速运动。但是，鱼卵的质量和体积等个体属性真实存在，且随着发育阶段的变化而变化，个体属性的阶段变化可能会导致鱼卵在水体中呈现出不同的漂移规律。因此，本项目拟以典型产漂流性卵鱼类为研究对象，通过已有数据整理、室内实验和野外验证，研究漂流性鱼卵的个体属性、环境特征量和鱼卵漂移轨迹间的量化响应关系，在此基础上构建产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场推算模型，基于已有数据资料分析和现场调查对模型进行校核、验证和确认。项目研究结果对提高产卵场定位精度和鱼类资源保护具有重要的理论和实践意义。

漂流性鱼卵的质量和体积等个体属性是影响漂流过程的重要因素，且随着发育阶段的变化而变化，个体属性的阶段变化也会导致鱼卵在水体中呈现出不同的漂移规律。本项目以典型产漂流性卵鱼类为研究对象，通过已有数据整理、室内实验和野外验证，研究漂流性鱼卵的个体属性、环境特征量和鱼卵漂移轨迹间的量化响应关系，研究结果显示，漂流性鱼卵均为密度略大于水的颗粒，漂流过程中的运动速率等主要受鱼卵膜径影响，根据鱼卵静水沉降试验结果，不同种漂流性鱼卵沉降速率差异较大，同种鱼类不同发育时期也存在一定差异，基于漂流性鱼卵放流实验，漂流性鱼卵需要起始流速实现随水漂流，利用鱼卵物理属性估算出鲢鱼卵在河道中达到与水流等速运动状态需要具有大于等于2.565m/s的均匀流速，鱼卵示踪物放流回捕试验结果显示，漂流性鱼卵在水流中的漂流速度小于水流速度。基于鱼卵漂流速度与水流速度估算水流速度校正经验值构建了产漂流性卵鱼类产卵场推算模型，利用已有数据资料分析和现场调查对模型进行校核、验证和确认，研究结果显示，校正后的鱼类产卵场推算模型能较好的避免推算中采用平均流速而带来的误差。项目研究结果对提高产卵场定位精度和鱼类资源保护具有重要的理论和实践意义。