舰船集成电机推进器用永磁容错轮缘推进电机及其控制策略研究

Integrated motor propulsor (IMP) is a newly electric propulsion method for ships and warships which has the advantages of high propulsion efficiency, large power density and so on. In order to increase the fault tolerant capability of the IMP and reduce the motor torque ripple, the new scheme of adopting the fault tolerant permanent magnet rim-driven motor (FTPM-RDM) in IMP will be proposed. For the geometric shape requirements of propulsion motor by IMP in different application areas, this project will aim at the investigation of structure optimization design and their control strategies of both cylinder-shaped and cone-shaped FTPM-RDMs. By adopting the combination method of the analytic calculation and finite element analysis, the basic electromagnetic characteristic and the effect laws of the main motor parameters on the output features will be investigated. Then the basic design theory and optimization design method will be built. By integrating the modern electrical drive technology, power electronics, and modern control theory, the coupling mechanism of the motor, inverter and controller will be analyzed and the dynamic mathematical models of the motor control system will be established. Aiming at obtaining the maximum output power and the minimum torque ripple, the fault tolerant control strategies and the rotor position estimation algorithm under fault conditions will be studied. The platform of the motor performance test and control system experiment will be developed. Through intensive research, the key theoretical and technological problem in the FTPM-RDM design and its control will be solved and the theoretical and technological support for its application in ship electric propulsion system will be provided.

集成电机推进器（IMP）是一种全新的舰船电力推进方式，具有推进效率高、功率密度大等优点。为提高IMP的故障容错能力、减小电机的转矩脉动，提出在IMP中采用永磁容错轮缘推进电机（FTPM-RDM）的方案。针对不同应用场合IMP对电机几何形状的要求，项目研究圆柱形和圆台形FTPM-RDM结构优化设计和控制策略。采用解析计算和有限元分析相结合的方法研究电机的电磁特性、主要参数对电机性能的影响规律，建立该类电机的基本设计理论和优化设计方法。综合应用现代电力传动、电力电子和现代控制理论，分析电机、逆变器与控制器的耦合机理，建立电机动态数学模型，以输出最大功率和最小转矩脉动为目标，研究该类电机在故障情况下的容错控制策略和转子位置估计算法。研制电机性能测试及控制系统实验平台。通过深入细致的研究，解决FTPM-RDM设计和控制上的关键理论和技术难题，为其在舰船电力推进系统中的应用提供理论和技术支撑。

轮缘推进器是将螺旋桨与电机融合为一体的全新的电力推进装置，具有功率密度大、结构简单、运行效率高、噪声及振动低等优点。为提高IMP的故障容错能力、减小电机的转矩脉动，项目提出对舰船IMP用永磁容错轮缘推进电机（FTPM-RDM）进行研究。采用解析计算和有限元分析相结合的方法分析了圆柱形和圆台形FTPM-RDM的拓扑结构、气隙磁场分布规律、主要参数对电机性能的影响规律，提示了该类电机的运行机理和优化设计方法。通过分析电机和逆变器的耦合机理，建立了电机的动态数学模型。对FTPM-RDM直接转矩控制、模型预测控制等先进控制策略进行研究，提高了电机控制系统的性能。提出有故障情况下的电流矢量容错控制策略、使电机在开路和短路故障情况下仍输出转矩脉动小的电磁转矩，并具有最小的功率损耗。对零速、低速、中高速、无故障和有故障情况下的电机转子位置估计算法进行研究，实现了电机在全速域范围的无转子位置传感器控制。外协加工FTPM-RDM样机及其测试平台，性能测试结果表明样机满足设计要求。搭建了电机控制系统硬件实验平台，实验结果验证了提出的电机先进控制策略、容错控制策略及转子位置估计算法的正确性。