生物启发的高效吸光和电荷传输光电转换材料和器件

Two methods could be utilized to increase the photo-electrical conversion efficiency, including the charge transport improvement and the light harvesting enhancement. As the photosynthesis reaction center, chloroplast consists of stacking structure of interconnected nanolayered thylakoids, which are benificial for photogenerated charge seperation. While the optical antenna effect resulted from the surface plasmon resonance of nobel metal particles could enhance the sunlight absorption. Based on the above two elements to increase the photo-electrical conversion efficiency, we use semiconductor nanosheet and graphene as the building blocks to fabricate nanosheet stacking structure and investigate the generation, seperation and transport of the photogenerated charge. The structure-activity relationship is optimized to obtain photo-electrical devices with efficient charge separation and transport. Meanwhile, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is introduced in the photo-electric conversion materials and devices. By characterize the SPR information at different wavelength, we will build theoretical models to predict the relationship between light harvesting efficiency and the surface or interface structures. All these will provide innovative substance basis and theoretical instruction for the design of novel photo-electrical conversion materials and devices.

光电转换效率的提高可通过两条途径予以实现，即改善光生电荷的传输和增强材料对光的吸收。叶绿体的基粒是绿色植物进行光合作用的场所，构成基粒的类囊体垛叠结构有利于光合作用过程中光生电荷的分离传输；而贵金属粒子的表面等离子共振效应引起的“光学天线”效应则可以增强材料对光的吸收利用。基于此，本课题以半导体纳米片和石墨烯为基元材料，构筑纳米片垛叠结构光电材料，研究其中光生电荷的产生、分离和传输特性，优化构效关系，实现高效的光生电荷分离和传输。另外，将表面等离子共振增强效应引入光电转换材料和器件中，使用光谱对在不同波长范围内金属的表面等离子体共振进行表征，利用数据模拟并结合理论计算建立表面等离子共振体系的理论模型，拓展材料的吸光范围和吸收强度，为高效光电转换功能材料和器件的设计提供新思路。

光电转换效率的提高可通过两条途径予以实现，即改善光生电荷的传输和增强材料对光的吸收。叶绿体的基粒是绿色植物进行光合作用的场所，构成基粒的类囊体垛叠结构有利于光合作用过程中光生电荷的分离传输；而贵金属粒子的表面等离子共振效应引起的“光学天线”效应则可以增强材料对光的吸收利用。基于此，本课题以半导体纳米片和石墨烯为基元材料，构筑纳米片垛叠结构光电材料，研究其中光生电荷的产生、分离和传输特性，优化构效关系，实现高效的光生电荷分离和传输。另外，将表面等离子共振增强效应引入光电转换材料和器件中，使用光谱对在不同波长范围内金属的表面等离子体共振进行表征，利用数据模拟并结合理论计算建立表面等离子共振体系的理论模型，拓展材料的吸光范围和吸收强度，为高效光电转换功能材料和器件的设计提供新思路。我们获得了效率为9.22%的染料敏化太阳能电池和效率为5.7%的量子点敏化太阳能电池器件。发表SCI收录论文9篇。