高能密度聚焦光束粉末堆焊机理和工艺的研究

Surfacing was one of the key technologies of advanced manufacture supporting technologies. Decreasing cost and increasing precision were important development directions of surfacing technology. According to the radiation and heating characteristic of light beam irradiated by Xenon lamp with low cost and high energy transformation rate, the flexible combined focusing system of reflector and lens was designed, by which the energy density of light beam reached to 104W/cm2. The powder feeding apparatus which could control accurately powder feeding rate in the range of 0.02~0.30g/s was developed. And the designed Ni-based and Fe-based self-fluxed composite powder reinforced by metal ceramic had the good surfacing processing property. The precise powder surfacing technology with the 1/3 cost of laser surfacing was realized. The surfacing layer with good quality could be acquired whose dilution corresponded to that of laser surfacing layer, crack tendency was low and hardness and wear-resistance could be controlled easily. This project also researched theoretically the influence factors and mechanism of the light beam powder surfacing quality and the mechanism of interface bonding and crack forming of surfacing layer, which supplied the theoretical foundation to the optimization of surfacing materials and processing and the prevention of the surfacing defects. The light beam powder surfacing technology developed successfully in this project not only can be used in the repair and strengthening of precise parts but also provides the technology foundation for the neat-shape rapid manufacture technologies.

本项目从高功率密度和高能量转换效率氙灯辐射聚焦光束加热特点出发，从理论上研究堆焊效率、稀释率、堆焊层耐磨性的影响因素及机制，堆焊层界面结合及裂纹形成机理，为光束能量参数的控制、堆焊材料的设计、堆焊工艺的优化提供依据，实现高效、优质、低成本的新颖表面改性技术。该技术在国内外尚属空白，具有重要的学术意义和经济价值。