珊瑚羟基磷灰石负载含BMP-2纳米缓释微球体系的研究

Due to trauma, infection, cancer and other causes, large bone defects are very common in clinical, which brought great pain to the patients. Artificial bone transplantation provides a good choice for the treatment of bone defects. Currently artificial bones have been widely used in clinical, including tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, alumina bioceramic artificial bones. However, due to strength, brittleness, biological activity, their applications are greatly limited. The ideal artificial bone composite material should have good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and can promote the formation of new bone cells. Meanwhile, by the currently evolving minimally invasive surgical techniques, the ideal artificial bone composite should also have a good plastic state. The coralline hydroxyapatite which has natural apertures and ideal mechanical strength is an excellent bone conduction material. Our new artificial bones use a cutting-edge technology liposome nano-release microspheres to load BMP-2, it extends the osteoinductive time and reduces the risk of ectopic bone formation. At the same time, we use self-assembling peptide which is the latest developments in the field of biomaterials to adjust the mechanical strength and shape of the whole composite system, and to encapsulate the composite artificial bone materials. Thereby creating a tissue engineering bone with highly efficient biological activity.

由于创伤、感染、肿瘤等导致的大段骨缺损在临床十分常见，给患者带来了巨大的痛苦，人工骨移植为骨缺损的治疗提供了良好的选择，目前包括磷酸三钙、羟基磷灰石、氧化铝生物陶瓷等人工骨均已广泛应用于临床，但由于其强度、脆性、生物活性等问题大大限制了其应用。理想的人工骨复合材料应该具有良好的生物相容性和生物可降解性，并能够促进新骨细胞的生成。同时，针对目前日新月异的微创手术技术，理想的人工骨复合材料还应同时具备良好的可塑型性。本课题使用的珊瑚羟基磷灰石具有天然的孔径，有理想的机械强度，是优良的骨传导材料。负载目前国际上药物包载前沿技术脂质体纳米缓释微球包载BMP-2，从而延长了诱导成骨的作用时间，减少了异位成骨的风险。同时，利用生物材料制造领域最新进展之一的纳米自组装多肽调整整个复合材料系统的机械强度和外形，并对复合人工骨材料整体进行二次包封，制备具有高效生物活性的组织工程骨。