具有光热治疗功能的纳米粒子/聚合物复合超结构

The past decade has witnessed the rapid progress in nanomedicine, which is greatly impeled by the innovation of nanoscience and nanotechnology. In this project, we hope to extend the potential applications of nanoparticles (NPs) in photothermal therapy and enhance the curative effect through NP self-assembly. In particular, the incorporation of NPs with polymers will improve the stability, biocompatibility, but lower the toxicity. It is also expected to promote the academic studies and practical applications in NP-based therapeutics. Our researches will focus on the following aspects: first, enhancing the structural stability and achieving multifunctional integration through the self-assembly of NPs with photothermal behavior, and subsequent polymer decoration; second, studying the effect of component, size, and geometrical dimension of the composite superstructures on the photothermal conversion efficiency; third, co-assembly of NPs, medicines, genes, and polymers to improve the curative effect; and finally, investigating the curative effect, toxicity, cellular uptake, and targeting of NP/polymer composite superstructures in the selective treatment of tumors.

将化学领域的纳米研究新成果引入医学领域是纳米医学发展的原动力。本项目希望充分发挥纳米粒子在光热治疗癌症方面的潜力，并通过自组装方法进行光热性能增强，尤其是与高分子材料复合解决稳定性、生物兼容性、毒性等问题，为功能粒子在光热治疗方面的学术研究和实际应用奠定基础。研究主要包括以下几个方面：(1) 可控实现光热效应纳米粒子的组装及聚合物包覆，提高结构稳定性和多功能集成；(2) 研究纳米粒子/聚合物复合超结构组成、尺寸，几何维数等对光热转换效率的影响；(3) 纳米粒子与药物、基因、聚合物共组装，多方位引入治疗功能；(4) 重点研究复合组装超结构在癌细胞杀灭方面的疗效、毒性、细胞内吞，靶向治疗等。

本项目的技术路线是从制备具有光热功能的纳米粒子出发，借助自组装策略构筑超粒子，实现光热性能的增强；通过与聚合物材料复合，解决超粒子的稳定性、生物兼容性、毒性等问题；研究复合超粒子在肿瘤诊断与治疗方面的效果，提高复合超粒子在医学诊疗方面的应用潜力。主要完成了4个方面的研究： (1) 可控实现光热功能纳米粒子的组装及与聚合物复合，提高结构稳定性和多功能集成；(2) 揭示了复合超结构组成、尺寸，几何维数等对光热性能的影响；(3) 实现了光热纳米粒子与药物、造影剂、聚合物的共组装，多方位引入诊疗功能；(4)通过与影像学结合，研究了复合超结构在癌细胞杀灭及肿瘤消融方面的效果、毒性、复发情况等。本项目资助下，共发表SCI论文32篇，项目负责人2015年获教育部长江学者奖励计划“青年学者”，培养博士研究生6名。