明代海防与长城防御体系及军事聚落比较研究

Enemies from Eastern and northern of the Ming Dynasty contributed to two defense system in the whole dynasty, namely coastal military defense system of the eastern and the great wall of the north, and thus a lot of defensive settlements had left.Although the academic circles have carried out the research on these two aspects respectively, but two aspects of the study are less common.This paper will use GIS technology and UAV information acquisition technology, from two aspects that are spatial entities and contact mechanism about the coastal defense and the defense system of the great wall of the Ming Dynasty, namely horizontal and vertical two aspects to carry out a comparative study of the time and space distribution about defense system and military settlements of coastal defense and the great wall of the Ming Dynasty. Thus to straighten up differences in space layout and construction processthe about the coastal defense and the great wall of the Ming Dynasty, space level and grade differences, as well as the overall defensive characteristics of the differences.This topic is in the field of architecture for the first time, the comparative study of Ming coastal defense and the defense system of the Great Wall as a whole object system, this study will strengthen people's comprehensive understanding of the Ming frontier defense system and military settlements, expand its historical and cultural value, will also have an important role for protection and utility of this huge historical and cultural heritage.

明代来自东方和北方的强敌促成了整个朝代的两大防御体系，即东部的沿海和北部的长城军事防御体系，并由此出现了大量防御性聚落遗留至今。学界虽已分别开展对这两方面的研究，但两方面研究较少交集。本课题将运用GIS技术和无人机信息采集技术，从明代海防与长城防御体系实体空间和联系机制，即横向和纵向两方面来进行比较研究，探讨明代海防与长城防御体系及军事聚落时空分布规律。从而理清明代海防与长城防御体系空间布局和建设进程的差异、空间层次和等级的差异、以及总体防御性特征的差异等。本课题是建筑学界首次把明代海防与长城防御体系作为整体对象展开的系统性比较研究，这一研究将加强人们对明代边疆防御体系及军事聚落的综合认识，拓展其历史文化价值，也将为这一庞大历史文化遗产的保护、利用产生重要作用。

本课题是建筑学界首次把明代海防与长城防御体系作为整体对象展开的系统性比较研究，现已完成“明代海防、长城军事聚落分布图”绘制，另发表学术论文16篇，学位论文10篇，出版专著2部。课题组完成了计划研究的主要内容并达到预期目标：1.完成了明代海防与长城防御体系构成，各要素演进的研究。2.完成了两大军事体系军事制度与防御空间关系、信息传递系统、供给系统的比较研究。3.完成了大量明代海防和长城聚落军事防御设施类型、聚落等级及规模、聚落内部格局、建筑形态特点的实例对比。4.完成了对两大体系防御体系空间分布、防御体系空间层次、军事聚落时空分布规律的总结。.本课题实现了预期科学研究意义：1.理清明代海防与长城防御体系空间布局和建设进程的差异、空间层次和等级的差异以及两大军事聚落体系总体防御性特征的差异等问题。2.加强了人们对明代边疆防御体系及军事聚落的综合认识，拓展了其历史文化价值，并将为这一庞大历史文化遗产的保护、利用产生重要作用。