基于时空环境和行车因素的公路隧道洞外亮度计算方法研究

The data shows that the national highway tunnels have an annual electricity bill of up to RMB 6 billion of which the lighting accounts for 30%. The luminance outside the tunnel as a decisive parameter of the tunnel lighting design directly affects the traffic safety and energy consumption of the highway tunnel. However, the factors involved in the calculation of the out-of-hole luminance and the related indicators are extremely complex. Therefore, it is important to determine the access zone luminance accurately and reasonably. Based on the impact of time and space environment and driving factors on the access zone luminance, this project taking the changing stopping sight distance and the influence of environmental parameters on the access zone luminance as the research object. Considering the coupling effects of the human-vehicle-tunnel environment and the influence of psycho-physiological on the driver, combined with theoretical model analysis and indoor simulation experiments, the project reveals the response mechanism of the driver based on the traffic environment and the sky model. And the calculation model of the access zone luminance(L20) of highway tunnel is built based on the impact factors of driving conditions, time and space environments. This research considers the influence of physical factors such as time, space, environmental characteristics, meteorological conditions and other biological factors, such as the psycho-physiological response of the driver-vehicle-tunnel environment. The research results are of great theoretical significance and engineering application value for optimizing the design parameters of tunnel lighting and effectively reducing the energy consumption of tunnel lighting.

统计表明全国公路隧道年电费高达60亿元人民币，其中照明负荷占到了30%。洞外亮度作为隧道照明设计的决定性参数，直接影响着隧道行车安全和照明能耗，但洞外亮度计算涉及的因素和相关指标极为复杂，因此准确合理的确定洞外亮度值就显得尤为重要。本项目以时空环境和行车因素对洞外亮度的影响为切入点，以基于洞口交通环境的行车视距和基于天空模型的环境亮度等参数对洞外亮度的影响为研究对象，并考虑人-车-隧道环境耦合对驾驶员产生的心理生理反应，结合理论模型分析和室内仿真、以及现场实验，揭示洞口交通环境、基于天空模型的环境亮度与隧道洞外亮度的响应机理，建立基于时空环境和行车因素的公路隧道洞外亮度计算模型。本研究考虑了时间、空间、环境特性、气象条件等物理因素和人-车-隧道环境耦合对驾驶员产生的心理生理反应等生物因素的影响，其研究成果对于优化隧道照明设计参数、有效减少隧道照明能耗具有重要理论意义和工程应用价值。

本项目以时空环境和行车因素对洞外亮度的影响为切入点，以基于洞口交通环境的行车视距和基于天空模型的环境亮度等参数对洞外亮度的影响为研究对象，并考虑人-车-隧道环境耦合对驾驶员产生的心理生理反应，结合理论模型分析和室内仿真、以及现场实验，揭示洞口交通环境、基于天空模型的环境亮度与隧道洞外亮度的响应机理，建立基于时空环境和行车因素的公路隧道洞外亮度计算预测模型。.主要研究成果如下：.（1）基于现有一般道路路段停车视距研究，分析了隧道洞外停车视距的影响因素，研究了公路隧道洞外景观环境和车流量对隧道洞外停车视距的影响规律，建立了公路隧道洞外景观环境和车流量的停车视距关联模型，进而定量评价不同洞外景观环境和车流量条件下的行车安全。.（2）以时空环境因素对洞外亮度的影响为切入点，选取典型时空环境特征的公路隧道，开展公路隧道洞外亮度的现场测试研究，得到了公路隧道洞外亮度的变化规律，并建立了隧道洞外亮度计算预测模型。.（3）对水平面总辐照度、景物表面总照度、景物表面亮度及任意时刻最大洞外亮度的预测值进行了实测验证和误差分析；基于洞外亮度的预测值进行了隧道调光应用和调光节能率计算；并构建了公路隧道照明动态优化与智能管理系统。.本项目研究成果对于优化隧道照明设计参数、有效减少隧道照明能耗具有重要理论意义和工程应用价值。