含高渗透率风电的电力系统小干扰概率稳定性评估与控制

The extensive use of wind power can have significant impacts on secure and stability operation of the power system concerned, and the effective stability assessment and control is the key to reduce the negative factor and play its role of the large scale penetration of wind power connected into power systems. However, the probabilistic stability assessment and control, which considering multi-operating conditions of power system and uncertainty of wind power, has not yet been well addressed. Based on the probability statistical model considering the uncertain factors of power system, this research will build the multi-machine power system small signal probabilistic stability dynamic models considering wind power as well as uncertain factor influence, and the interaction mechanism between the dynamic characteristic of wind turbines and the dynamic behavior as well as small signal stability of power system will be revealed. Probabilistic eigenvalue analysis methods is used to investigate the impacts of wind power integration on the small signal probabilistic stability, and the probabilistic stability assessment index system is built to determine the strong correlation critical state variables of power system small signal robust stability, then corresponding control measures will be provided to improve system stability; at last, the robustness of control method is researched theoretically. This research is of positive theoretical value and practical significance in expanding and deepening the method for the small signal stability analysis and improving system stability with wind power integration.

风电的规模化应用给电力系统安全稳定运行带来了一定的影响，有效的稳定性评估与控制是减轻高渗透率风电入网不利因素、发挥大规模风电集群作用的关键。然而，能够计及系统多运行方式和风电不确定性的系统概率稳定性评估及控制在现有文献中还鲜见报道。本课题将考虑电力系统中各种不确定因素的概率统计模型，针对不同的风电并网模式，构建计及风电和不确定性影响的多机电力系统小干扰概率动态模型，揭示风电机组动力学特性和电力系统动态行为与小干扰稳定的交互影响机理。采用概率特征根方法，进行风电并网对电力系统小干扰概率稳定性影响研究，构建含高渗透率风电的电力系统小干扰概率稳定性评估指标体系，确定与电力系统小干扰鲁棒稳定强相关的关键状态变量，然后设计相应的控制措施以提高系统稳定性，并从理论上研究控制方法的鲁棒性。本项目的深入研究将对拓展和深化小干扰稳定分析方法和提高风电并网后系统的稳定性有着积极的理论意义与实际应用意义。

在能源和环境的双重压力下，风力发电技术受到了越来越普遍的重视，风电的规模化并网对电力系统的安全稳定运行带来了挑战和影响，深入研究含高渗透率风电的电力系统小干扰稳定问题，对降低风电接入的负面效应和增强系统接纳风电的能力都具有重要意义。. 本项目梳理了风电并网电力系统概率小干扰稳定分析的理论、模型、方法和算法体系，提出了改善风电并网后电力系统小干扰概率稳定性相关控制措施；开展了风电机组的动力学特性和电力系统动态行为与稳定性的交互影响机理研究，研究了双馈风电机组参数的变化对系统动态特性的影响，分析了调速器参数、DFIG参数对风电并网后系统动态响应的影响；构建了一套含高渗透率风电的电力系统概率稳定性评估指标体系；提出了一种基于概率灵敏度指标的风电并网点小干扰分析方法；提出了一种基于UPFC阻尼含风电系统振荡特性的PODC设计方法，用于改善风电并网后系统振荡特性；提出了利用广义相位补偿法优化PSS改善风电并网系统阻尼特性。. 研究结果表明，展开的交互影响研究，揭示了风电机组的动力学特性和电力系统动态行为与稳定性的交互影响机理。构建的评估指标体系、概率灵敏度指标等，确定了含高渗透率风电的电力系统中对电网小干扰稳定影响较大的重要机组和相关参量。提出的PODC设计、广义相位补偿法优化PSS等方法，改善了含风电系统的阻尼振荡特性，为发挥大规模新能源集群作用提供了技术支撑。