基于细粒度波束成形的空基平台毫米波全双工通信关键技术研究

A space-air-ground integrated information network does not only meet the national strategic importance, but has also been recognised as a technology developing trend by the international research community. Airborne communication systems, in order to satisfy the demanding requirements of high speed large data communication between airborne and terrestrial networks, have pressing demands for high capacity technologies. The millimeter wave (mmWave) band provides the advantages of high spectrum and large capacity, and has thus attracted high attention in research. But the research on airborne mmWave communication has just begun nationally and internationally, and significant challenges exist for tackling its high dynamics, severe attenuation and poor scattering. This project will start by modelling the airborne mmWave communication channel and the airborne platform dynamics, focusing on solving the beamforming problem in such highly mobile environment. First, based on the system model, a fine-grained beamforming codebook design scheme and codeword fast searching algorithm will be developed. Second, the dynamics model of the airborne platform will be proposed. Through developing Kalman filter based algorithm to fuse multi-source heterogeneous navigation data, an accurate beam tracking method will be proposed. Finally, a beamforming based joint self interference cancellation approach will be researched to enable airborne mmWave full-duplex communication, to be tested and perfected by field experiments. The research outcomes will provide key theoretical preparation and technology support for high speed air-ground two-way communication and high speed networking for the space-air-ground integrated information network.

空天地一体化网络不仅是国家的重大战略需求，也是国际学界公认的技术发展趋势。空基通信系统要满足地空网络间高效信息交换的高速通信和海量数据传输的要求，对于通信容量有迫切的需求。毫米波段具有高带宽大容量的优势，近年来获得了研究者的重点关注，但是国内外关于空基毫米波通信的研究才刚刚展开，需要解决高动态性、高衰减、低散射等挑战。本项目从空基毫米波信道建模和平台动态性入手，重点解决高动态环境波束成形的难题。首先，基于空基毫米波系统模型，提出细粒度波束码本设计方案和码字快速搜索算法；其次，对空基平台动态性建模，结合卡尔曼滤波器对多源异构传感数据融合，建立动态环境波束方向的准确估计方法；最后，研究基于波束成形的自干扰信号复合消除方法，突破空基平台毫米波全双工通信关键技术，利用外场实验验证和完善相关理论分析。研究成果可为地空网络双向高速通信和空天地一体化信息网络高速接入提供理论储备和技术支撑。

本项目面向国家空天地一体化信息网络重大战略需求，针对空基通信系统在满足地空网络间高效信息交换的高速通信和海量数据传输方面的迫切要求，重点解决了空基毫米波稀疏微弱信道的准确估计和高性能波束成形、空基平台高动态性对具有强方向性的毫米波波束的严重影响、以及空基毫米波高速高效全双工通信的强自干扰关键问题。..通过解决以上问题，我们提出了新型的空基毫米波通信细粒度波束方案，研究并明晰了空基平台动态性对毫米波波束的影响机理，提出了空基毫米波稀疏微弱信道的准确估计方案，建立了空基平台毫米波全双工通信自干扰消除方法，并将相应技术扩展到更高频段和多空基平台相关应用领域，完成并超过了既定的研究目标。在项目执行期内共发表期刊论文11篇（均为SCI论文），高水平国际会议论文4篇，国家技术发明专利7项。项目成果达到并超过了原定计划任务。..本课题的研究成果，可为国家的重大战略需求直接相关的地空网络双向高速通信和空天地一体化信息网络高速接入提供理论储备和技术支撑。通过突破空基平台毫米波通信技术，可以为重要应用和重点场合提供快速、高效的通信支持；随着蜂窝网络往6G演进以及卫星通信技术向高通量Ka波段迈进，空天地网络的通信频率趋于一致，本项目的研究可以为一体化网络的设备共用、技术融合和体制重合奠定技术基础，巩固我国在空间信息网络领域的领先地位，具有重要的战略意义和应用价值。