基于全基因组的大豆杂交种及其亲本DNA甲基化变异分析

基本信息
批准号:31601322
项目类别:青年科学基金项目
资助金额:22.00
负责人:林春晶
学科分类:
依托单位:吉林省农业科学院
批准年份:2016
结题年份:2019
起止时间:2017-01-01 - 2019-12-31
项目状态: 已结题
项目参与者:张春宝,赵丽梅,赵鑫,齐广勋,杨静
关键词:
甲基化大豆亲本DNA杂种优势杂交种
结项摘要

Heterosis utilization plays a key role that can improve crop yield including soybean, yet the molecular basis of heterosis still remains poorly understood in soybean. Especially there is no relevant report on the involvement of methylation in the regulation of soybean heterosis. On the basis of early study about DNA methylation level through using of the MSAP technology during the grain filling period in the leaves, analysis related agronomic traits of yield heterosis and genetic polymorphism of AFLP between hybrids with different heterosis and their parental in soybean in this study, two hybrids with significantly higher-heterosis and their parents will be analyzed, The developmental stages that DNA methylation level between the soybean parents and their hybrids exit abundant polymorphism will be searched by the technology of MSAP analysis. CG, CHG and CHH, the total level, chromosomes distribution of the methylation model and relation between methylation / demethylation region (sites) and heterosis will be discussed through the analysis of whole genome methylation by bisulfite sequencing of hybrids and parents and relative gene expression verification. Combined with the analysis of hybrids and their parents of AFLP, MSAP and yield heterosis data, the objects of this study are to explore DNA methylation how to transfer from two parental to hybrid genomes, and how to control the interaction between parents and hybrids. The results of this research will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of parents and heterosis prediction of hybrid soybean.

杂种优势利用是提高大豆等农作物产量的关键途径,但是杂交大豆优势形成机理的研究薄弱。尚未有关于甲基化参与调控大豆杂种优势的相关研究。本研究在对大豆杂交种及亲本进行产量优势分析、AFLP遗传多态性分析和MSAP的甲基化水平分析基础上,以其中2个产量优势显著的强优势杂交种及亲本为研究对象,利用MSAP技术寻找杂交大豆亲本及其杂交种间DNA甲基化多态性较丰富的发育时期,通过对此时期杂交种和其亲本的全基因组重亚硫酸盐甲基化测序进行CG、CHG和CHH的总体水平、各个染色体、不同区域和不同基因原件及相关代谢调控网络等分析,对相关基因的表达进行差异分析,探讨甲基化差异位点与杂种优势的相关性;结合杂交种和亲本的AFLP、MSAP及产量优势的数据分析,了解甲基化在亲本和杂交种的基因组之间的传递、维持和变化。探讨杂交种中DNA甲基化的水平和模式与杂种优势的关系,为杂交大豆的亲本选择和杂种优势预测提供理论依据。

项目摘要

杂种优势利用是提高大豆等农作物产量的关键途径,但是杂交大豆优势形成机理的研究薄弱。尚未有关于甲基化参与调控大豆杂种优势的相关研究。本研究在对大豆杂交种及亲本进行产量优势分析、AFLP遗传多态性分析和MSAP的甲基化水平分析基础上,以其中2个产量优势显著的强优势杂交种及亲本为研究对象,利用MSAP技术发现不同时期杂交种的甲基化率和亲本的甲基化中亲率的趋势是一致的,亲本中亲率高的杂交种甲基化率也高,同亲本中亲率比较,不同时期不同杂交种的甲基化差异程度不同。通过对杂交种Hyb1和Hyb5与各自亲本的株高、底荚高、节数、分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重、虫食率、百粒重、蛋白质和脂肪等11个农艺性状的平均值进行比较分析,Hyb1和其亲本比较,株高、底荚高、节数、分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重、虫食率、百粒重、蛋白质和脂肪,除了脂肪酸含量比亲本都低,其他值都比亲本高,其中虫食率为影响杂种优势的负因素。Hyb5和其亲本比较,只有底荚高、百粒重、蛋白质比亲本高,其他值都比亲本低。Hyb1在单株粒重上具有>50中亲优势值,在节数、分枝数、单株单株粒数、单株粒重上具有>50超亲优势值。Hyb5在底荚高和百粒重上具有<50的中亲优势值和超亲优势值。对杂种优势农艺性状与甲基化水平相关性分析,发现节数与总体甲基化水平和各种序列环境下的甲基化水平均呈显著相关。通过对杂交种Hyb1和Hyb5与各自亲本的甲基化水平均值(MPV)比较发现,Hyb1的20条染色体在CG、CHG、CHH三种序列环境下,其甲基化水平值都高于MPV;而Hyb5的20条染色体在CG、CHG、CHH三种序列环境下,其甲基化水平值都低于MPV;这两个杂交种在子代和亲本之间的的甲基化遗传模式不同。结合RNA-seq转录水平分析,筛选差异明显的序列,发现有甲基转移酶、激酶和抗病毒等基因的DMR变化,表达也发生不同变化。本研究为杂交大豆的亲本选择和杂种优势预测提供理论依据。

项目成果
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31

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