动物源性食品中抗生素多残留的荧光纸芯片高灵敏检测机制研究

Developing highly sensitive and visual methods for the detection of multiple antibiotic residues is of great significance to ensure the quality and safety of animal-derived food. At present, many methods have been reported to detect antibiotic residues, however, these methods cannot still meet the requirement of detecting multiple antibiotic residues with high sensitivity and visualization. To solve the critical problem, this project use tetracycline, chloramphenicol and streptomycin as the targets. Firstly, multicolor carbon quantum dots will be synthesized, and the obtained carbon quantum dots of different colors will be respectively used to prepare fluorescence aptamer probes. Afterwards, the structure-switching strategy of aptamer will be introduced innovatively. And then, the structure-function relationship between fluorescence aptamer probes and the performance of detecting multiple antibiotic residues will be researched in-depth to reveal the molecular recognition mechanism. Finally, combining with paper-based microfluidic technology, a highly sensitive and visual method will be established for rapid detection of multiple antibiotic residues. The implementation of this project is not only of great theoretical value to the development of new methods for rapid detection of multiple antibiotic residues. In addition, the established method has practical application value for on-site safety regulation on multiple antibiotic residues in animal-derived food.

发展高灵敏的抗生素多残留可视化检测方法对于保障动物源性食品质量与安全具有重要意义。目前，已发展多种快速检测方法用于抗生素残留的检测中，但依然难以满足高灵敏、可视化以及多残留检测的需求。为解决这一关键问题，本项目以四环素、氯霉素和链霉素为目标检测物，首先拟合成具有不同荧光颜色的多种碳量子点，结合适配体的特异性用于制备三种抗生素残留检测的适配体荧光探针；之后，创新性地引入适配体结构转换策略，并进一步研究基于适配体结构转换策略的荧光探针与抗生素残留检测性能之间的构效关系，以揭示该荧光探针对抗生素残留的检测机理；最后，结合纸基微流控技术建立用于抗生素多残留检测的高灵敏可视化检测方法。本项目的实施不仅对抗生素多残留快速检测新方法的研发具有重要的理论价值，同时，所建立方法对动物源性食品中抗生素多残留的现场安全监管也具有一定的实际应用价值。

动物源性食品中的兽药残留问题是目前全社会共同关注的公共卫生问题。发展快速灵敏的检测方法对于保障动物源性食品质量与安全具有重要意义。目前，已发展多种检测方法用于兽药残留的检测中，但依然难以满足高灵敏、可视化快速检测的需求。为满足兽药残留快速灵敏检测的现实需求，本项目以食品中常见的兽药残留为检测对象，设计和制备了碳量子点和有机金属框架等多种单发射和双发射荧光探针，并以上述制备的探针为基础，建立了一系列兽药残留的荧光可视化及智能化检测方法。采用紫外可见吸收光谱、紫外光电子能谱(UPS)、稳态荧光光谱、瞬态荧光光谱等技术手段进行表征，揭示了一系列兽药残留的荧光检测机理。所构建的兽药残留荧光检测方法分别应用于实际动物源食品中兽药残留的检测中，呈现出良好的分析性能，并具备可视化、智能化检测的前景。该系列研究成果对兽药残留快速检测新方法的研发具有重要的理论价值，同时，所建立方法对动物源性食品中兽药残留的现场安全监管也具有一定的实际应用潜力。