稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis 对性信息素及其相关类似物的嗅觉识别机制

This proposal is based on our work with sex pheromones and behavioral control of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, applied technology and experimentally demonstration of mass trapping and mating disruption. The techniques of molecular biology, in vitro protein expression, electrophysiological and field bioassays are used to analyze the structure, spatial-temporal expression and localization of the olfactory candidate genes in C. medinalis to sex pheromone in order to identify their ligands and elucidate the molecular recognition mechanism of male moth. Moreover, by analyzing the effect of olfactory genes on the chemical communication of sympatric species, including Chilo suppressalis, Sesamia inferens and other pests in the rice paddy field, we can understand the role of the olfactory genes in interspecific relationship of sympatric insects and develop a new attractant. Further analysis of the molecular mechanism of trifluoromethyl ketone analogs and alkenes with the same carbon chain and chemical structure could lead to develop a new type of mating disruptors. At the same time, the effects of age, physiological and mating status, circadian rhythm and season on the olfactory recognition of migratory C. medinalis to sex pheromone and the olfactory plasticity of its male moths were studied. The correlation between the development of female ovary, male spermatophore, rice plant growth and pheromone trapping will be established. The olfactory mechanism of migratory insects to sex pheromone and its inhibitors, and the chemical communication mechanism of sympatric pest species will be revealed to lay a solid foundation for the development of accurate monitoring, mass trapping and mating disruption technology.

本项目基于我们在稻纵卷叶螟性信息素及调控行为，群集诱杀和交配干扰应用技术和试验示范等工作基础上，利用分子生物学、蛋白体外表达、电生理和田间实验等技术，分析稻纵卷叶螟性信息素识别候选基因的结构、时空表达和感器定位，明确其识别配体，阐述该虫性信息素识别的分子机制；分析其嗅觉基因对二化螟、三化螟、大螟等害虫性信息素的识别，明确嗅觉基因在同生境不同害虫种间化学通信中的作用，由此开发特异性引诱剂；分析识别性信息素三氟甲基酮类似物和无官能团相同碳原子数及构型的烯烃化合物的分子机制，开发新型交配干扰剂。同时研究日龄、生理和交配状态、昼夜节律、季节等对迁飞性稻纵卷叶螟识别性信息素的影响，及其雄蛾的适应性。建立雌蛾卵巢和雄蛾精囊以及水稻生育期与性诱的相关性。揭示迁飞性昆虫性信息素识别机制、同生境害虫种间化学通信机制和性诱抑制剂识别机制，为精准测报、性诱防控及新型交配干扰技术开发打下扎实基础。

本项目基于对稻纵卷叶螟性信息素和行为调控、以及群集诱杀和交配干扰技术的应用，利用分子生物学、电生理和田间实验等技术，分析和鉴定了稻纵卷叶螟性信息素识别候选基因的结构、时空表达和感器定位，明确其识别配体，阐述该虫性信息素识别的分子机制；分析其嗅觉基因对二化螟、三化螟、大螟等害虫种间性信息素的识别，明确嗅觉基因在同生境不同害虫种间化学通信中的作用。初步鉴定了识别花香气味的嗅觉受体基因。同时研究日龄、生理和交配状态、昼夜节律、季节等对迁飞性稻纵卷叶螟识别性信息素的影响，及其雄蛾的适应性。建立雌蛾卵巢和雄蛾精囊以及水稻生育期与性诱的相关性。揭示迁飞性昆虫性信息素识别机制、同生境害虫种间化学机制和性诱抑制剂识别机制，全面、系统研究稻纵卷叶螟雌、雄成虫的发育、性信息素释放和交配节律。通过分析田间性信息素诱捕和花香诱捕蛾量的动态与田间调查各龄幼虫种群数量和发生时间之间的关系。初步建立了性诱和花香诱与田间各龄幼虫的种群数量及发生时间的关系，为水稻田间精准施药防治水稻卷叶螟提供技术依据。