酰胺类碘代含氮消毒副产物前驱物辨识、形成机制与控制研究

Nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) and iodo- disinfection by-products (I-DBPs) in drinking water are receiving increasing attention because they have been demonstrated to be more geno- and cytotoxic than the currently regulated DBPs. Iodo-haloacetamides (I-HAcAms) has the double attributes of N-DBPs and I-DBPs. The key to I-HAcAms control is ascertaining the characteristics of HAcAm precursors and further revealing the formation mechanism of HAcAms. Based on the previous studies in 9 chlorinated and brominated HAcAms, the proposal will further foucus on 9 I-HAcAms with higher toxicity and more complex formation mechanism. The research contents are as follows: The integrated analytical technologies, including quantitative detection, sample preservation, and formation potential test of I-HAcAms, will be developed; The concentration and formation potential levels of I-HAcAms in waters after different treatment processes will be investigated. Establish the isolation technology of organic matters by effective membrane concentration and resin adsorption, to identify I-HAcAm precursors and ascertain their characteristics; Study the interactive influence laws of multiple factors in the formation process from key precursors to I-HAcAms, to establish the response model in the formation of I-HAcAms,and unite the molecular modeling and multi-mass spectrometry product qualitative techniques to explore the formation pathway of I-HAcAms; At last,the control mechanism of I-HAcAms is revealed,and the relevant control schemes are proposed.These studies in the proposal provide the theoretical basis and technical support on defining the formation mechanism of the emerging I-AcAms，and the comprehensive control of iodo-N-DBPs.

饮用水新兴含氮和碘代消毒副产物因毒性大分布广而备受关注。碘代乙酰胺(I-AcAms)具有含氮和碘代消毒副产物双重属性，明确前驱物特性进而揭示其形成机制是实现I-AcAms有效控制的关键。在前期氯和溴代乙酰胺研究基础上，本项目进一步对毒性更大、形成机制更为复杂的I-AcAms开展系统研究：创建9种I-AcAms定量检测、水样保存和潜能测定技术体系；探究I-AcAms与前驱物浓度变化规律，建立相应预测模型；开发高效膜浓缩与树脂吸附联用有机物分离技术，辨识I-AcAms前驱物，明确其特性；研究关键前驱物形成I-AcAms的多因素交互影响规律，建立产物形成响应模型，同时结合分子模拟与多质谱组合产物定性技术，探明I-AcAms形成路径；进而阐明I-AcAms的源头和过程控制机理，提出相应控制方案。研究结果将揭示I-AcAms等副产物形成机理，为新兴碘代含氮消毒副产物的有效控制提供理论依据和技术支撑。

饮用水新兴含氮消毒副产物（N-DBPs）和碘代消毒副产物（I-DBPs）因毒性大分布广而备受关注，研究对象碘代乙酰胺(I-AcAms)具有N-DBPs和I-DBPs双重属性，已成为一类备受关注的饮用水新兴污染物。明确I-AcAms前驱物特性和揭示其形成机制是实现水中高毒性I-AcAms污染物有效控制的关键。本项目抓住这一关键环节，从分析技术研发、典型前驱物辨识、形成机制和控制机理等方面对I-AcAms开展了递进式系统研究。取得如下成绩：. 一、卤代乙酰胺分析方法开发方面：① 揭示了碘代乙酰胺（I-AcAms）的水解动力学规律；② 开发出系列微痕量Cl-, Br-, I-AcAms精确分析技术。. 二、卤代乙酰胺及其前体物识别方面：① 在实际自来水厂出水中识别出多种碘代乙酰胺（I-AcAms）；② 解析出富氮水体中“小分子结合态氨基酸”是卤代乙酰胺的关键前体物。. 三、卤代乙酰胺形成机制研究方面：① 从卤代乙酰胺等N-DBPs角度阐述了饮用水中残留抗生素的次生危害；② 发现抗生素对卤代乙酰胺等N-DBPs的产生具有不可忽视的贡献；③ 提出了非含氮有机物经氯胺消毒生成N-DBPs的新途径；④ 阐述了温度对过硫酸盐氧化生成氯、溴、碘代乙酰胺的影响机制。. 四、卤代乙酰胺控制技术研发方面：① 针对富营养化高有机氮水源水质特征，从源头控制角度，开发出预处理-强化常规-深度处理全流程的碘代乙酰胺等N-DBP前体物削减技术；② 针对水源水中抗生素等化学物质污染问题，阐明了新型污染物与N-DBPs协同控制技术原理，发展了饮用水源高效净化与N-DBPs协同控制新技术。. 以第一/通讯作者在ES&T和Water Res等环境、水处理领域重要期刊上发表SCI收录论文16篇，其中2篇发表在Water Research的第一作者论文入选ESI高被引论文。所开发出的含氮消毒副产物分析技术和控制技术，申请国家发明专利5项，国际专利1项，并已得到转化应用。