涡旋压缩机通用涡旋型线本源特性与流固耦合机理研究

Scroll compressor that has more unique characteristics than traditonal compressors are going to have a rapid development facing the demand of special utilities of high-end equipment manufacturing industry for the new energy electric vehicles, military mute and medical oilless lubricated compressor. The core issue of scroll compressor is the design of scroll profiles. Using variation principles and generalized differential geometry theory, study the original characteristics mechanism and analytic geometry characteristics of the generalized functional equation of general scroll profiles based on the radius of curvature about tangential angle parameters. Analyze arc differential characteristics, characteristics of curvature, torsion characteristics, singular points, inflection points, convexity, parameter changes characteristic of the arc function series equation of the general scroll profiles generalized function. Research variation principles of stress and deformation effect of scroll discs from fluid pressure and torque under different conditions by solving the internal fluid of the scroll compressor and the movable, the fixed scroll solid coupled equations, based on mastering original characteristics of general scroll profiles, according to the fluid-solid theory. Ultimately obtain the new scroll profiles of optimal performance according to the complex variable constraints and create and manufacture a high-performance scroll compressor with new general scroll profiles taking coefficient of performance as optimization objective, and develop a high-performance scroll compressor with quiet, efficient, energy saving and environmental protection characteristics. It has an important scientific significance for the construction of high-performance general scroll profiles design theory, which provides a reasonable theoretical basis for the original innovation and performance prediction of scroll compressor for China's high-end equipment manufacturing.

在新能源电动汽车和军用静音及医疗无油润滑压缩机等高端装备制造业特殊用途需求下，涡旋压缩机以优于传统压缩机的独特优势迅猛发展。涡旋压缩机核心问题是涡旋型线的设计，利用变分原理和广义微分几何理论，对关于切向角参数的基于曲率半径的弧函数级数形式通用涡旋型线广义泛函方程本源特性机理及几何解析特性进行研究，分析该通用涡旋型线广义泛函的弧微分特性、曲率挠率特性、奇拐点与凸性及其弧函数级数方程的项数、系数等参数变化特性，在掌握其本源特性的基础上，根据流固耦合理论，通过求解涡旋压缩机内部流体和动、静涡旋盘固体耦合方程，研究不同工况下流体压力和扭矩对涡旋盘应力和变形影响的变化规律，以能效比为优化目标，根据复杂可变约束条件获得性能最优的新型涡旋型线，研制出静音高效、节能环保的高性能涡旋压缩机。本项目对建立高性能通用涡旋型线设计理论具有重要科学意义，为我国高端装备涡旋压缩机制造业原始创新及性能预测提供理论依据。

在新能源汽车和静音医疗等高端装备特殊用途需求下，涡旋压缩机以优于传统压缩机独特优势迅猛发展。研究平面曲线自然参数和切向角参数向量对涡旋型线包络等距原理共轭啮合原理规律表征等涡旋本源特性，通过对动盘静盘涡旋型线关于法向切向分解向量模长函数级数化拓展及两种向量表征利弊，给出了动盘静盘涡旋型线啮合公式，采用共轭点公共切线和公共法线向量和形式表征动盘静盘涡旋型线给出表征方程式及啮合几何特性计算公式，分析了基于通用涡旋型线的动盘静盘生成原理，归纳动盘静盘涡旋型线和动盘静盘结构参数、性能参数公式，利用MATLAB的GUI开发通用涡旋型线参数并得程序功能及运行界面。对比通用涡旋型线与四大类经典型线发现可表示圆及圆弧、基圆渐开型线、变基圆渐开型线以及加速螺旋线间的线性组合，通过分析比较前n性能控制系数生成的各种性能参数，得出性能控制系数变化对动盘静盘性能影响规律，在UG软件中进行涡旋型线建模动盘静盘建模和静盘模型应力应变比较，分析动盘静盘铝合金锻造加工时原材料选取和锻造加工毛坯成形方法等关键技术，研究四个不同角度时刻的流场的压力和温度的分布情况和整体三维模型以及平面压力和温度变化情况，结合动涡旋盘应力和应变分析，利用流体力学数据对动涡旋盘进行了流固耦合计算，利用ANSYS数据链接功能分别对只承受温度载荷、只承受气体压力载荷以及承受温度和气体压力合力载荷情况下分析对比动涡旋盘应力应变，研究动涡旋盘温度温度分布，采用流体数据对压缩机内部每转动90度进行耦合分析，研究通用型涡旋盘加工精度影响因素及规律，利用MasterCAM数控加工功能，分析通用型线涡旋盘数控加工工艺实现涡旋盘加工仿真过程，对软件PST后处理文件进行编辑生成数控机床能够识别的加工代码，在XQSK-760立式加工中心上根据复杂可变约束条件研制出静音高效节能环保高性能涡旋压缩机样机，对建立高性能通用涡旋型线设计理论具有重要科学意义，为高端装备涡旋压缩机制造业原始创新及性能预测提供理论依据。