目标振动相干激光遥感探测方法研究

Vibration features of moving targets can reflect their detailed characteristics, which have important military and civil values. This have been paid close attention to fields of target detection and identification. Coherent lidar is the preponderant method of target detection, because of its advantages such as high measurement accuracy, high anti-jamming capability and ability of long-distant non-destructive measurement, which is appropriate for detecting the vibration information of the target through remote sensing. .Nowadays, researchers are placing particular emphasis on vibration laser measurement in close range, while researches such as remote sensing detection mechanism for long range target, modulate model of echoes of vibrating target, phase detection and vibration resolving of moving target are not deep enough. This project will develop some research in methods of target vibration measurement through coherent laser remote sensing, combining with the architecture characters of the coherent lidar. The project is composed of researches such as detect patterns of coherent laser remote sensing of target vibration, researches of modeling of vibration by typical targets facing coherent laser remote sensing, echo phase detection and resolving of target vibration. The validity of models and algorithms will be verified by simulation and experiments. The theory and algorithm of target vibration facing coherent laser remote sensing detection will be proposed through researches, which will broaden the application base of coherent laser technology in vibration remote sensing measurement fields, and support the identification of target vibration feature based on coherent laser remote sensing detection and the development of further target identification.

运动目标的振动特征体现了其精细属性，具有重要军事和民用价值，在目标探测与识别领域受到广泛关注。相干激光雷达遥感探测由于其测量精度高、抗干扰能力强和能远距离无损探测等优点，特别适合遥感探测目标的振动特征信息。.当前对目标振动的激光探测多偏重于近距离测量，对面向远距离目标的遥感探测机理、目标振动对回波调制模型、复杂运动目标振动回波相位检测和解算等的研究尚不够深入。本项目将结合相干激光雷达体系结构特点，展开目标振动相干激光遥感探测方法研究，主要内容包括：目标振动相干激光遥感探测模式、面向相干激光遥感探测的典型目标振动建模、回波相位有效检测和目标振动解算方法等一系列研究，并通过仿真和实验来验证模型和算法的正确性。本项目通过研究，给出面向相干激光探测的目标振动遥感测量理论和算法，拓展相干激光探测在振动遥感测量领域中的应用基础，用于支撑基于相干激光遥感探测的目标振动特征识别，及进一步的目标识别技术发展

运动目标的振动特征体现了其精细属性，具有重要军事和民用价值，在目标探测与识别领域受到广泛关注。相干激光雷达遥感探测由于其测量精度高、抗干扰能力强和能远距离无损探测等优点，特别适合遥感探测目标的振动特征信息。项目研究工作结合相干激光雷达体系结构特点，面向相干激光遥感探测的典型目标振动建模、目标振动遥感探测模式、回波中的目标振动特征提取和解算方法等一系列内容，从理论推导、仿真分析、实验验证的角度，对目标振动相干激光遥感探测方法开展了系统的研究。. 研究中针对目标典型的振动、转动形式建立了从点散射扩展到面散射理论的激光探测回波模型；搭建实验平台，分析了回波中目标振动特征可探测性与探测系统结构、参数之间的关系，提出了有利于实现远距离高信噪比探测的最优本振功率相干激光平衡外差探测模式，在实验室条件下可实现μm级振幅的探测灵敏度；基于时频分析理论，提出了对回波信号从平动补偿到特征提取再到振动分离和参数估计的一套完整的目标解算算法，仿真表明算法实现分离和参数估计的准确度达到99%；推导了相干激光探测条件的目标振动参数估计克拉美罗界，根据目标振动的正弦调频回波信号模型，在统计信号处理的框架下分别提出了基于均值似然估计和马尔科夫蒙特卡洛方法的目标振动参数高精度估计算法，在信噪比高于0dB时就可获得接近克拉美罗界的参数估计性能。. 项目研究解决了相干激光遥感探测中典型目标振动建模和回波振动特性影响因素分析两大科学问题，为丰富目标探测、分类方法和实现目标振动的精确反演做出了贡献。研究内容充分挖掘激光回波信息内部特征，丰富了激光遥感探测获取的信息量，在我国目标振动的激光遥感探测领域具有创新性和先进性，推动了激光遥感测量方法的进步和应用，为进一步的目标识别技术奠定了基础。.