Odd-tetraploid lily, like 'Honesty' (LAAA), is one kind of special allotetraploids which were recently screened from modern lily cultivars using Genomic In Situ Hybridization (GISH). It would be valuable to study the effective ways to create odd-tetraploids and their introgression functions, so as to breed new lily cultivars possessing our own intellectual property. Based on our previous NSFC project which was just completed, the present project will create and screen more diploid, autotetraploid and allotetraploid lilies using wide hybridization, chromosome doubling and GISH techniques;Based on that distant F1 lily hybrids usually produce a small amount of functional 2n eggs because of their abnormal meiosis and tetraploid lilies produce 2x gametes due to their normal meiosis, different crossing combinations will be designed to study the effective ways of creating odd-tetraploids; Based on the genome composition of the odd-tetraploid lilies, the controlled hybridizations will be done to produce aneuploid progenies, and the GISH will be used to analyze the progenies to study the introgression function of the odd-tetraploidloids. It is expected to obtain highly commercial valuable odd-tetraploid and aneuploid lilies and thus effectively to guide lily breeding.
奇-异源四倍体百合是最近通过基因组原位杂交技术(GISH)在现代百合品种中筛选出的一类特殊的异源四倍体,如:'Honesty'(LAAA),研究其产生的有效途径和种质渗入功能对于培育具有自主知识产权的百合新品种具有重要的意义。本项目拟首先在刚结题的国家基金基础上,继续通过远缘杂交、染色体加倍和GISH技术等培育和筛选必要的二倍体、同源四倍体和异源四倍体百合;然后,根据百合远缘杂交F1材料一般通过异常减数分裂产生少量2n卵细胞和四倍体百合通过正常减数分裂产生2x配子的特点设计不同的杂交组合,研究最有可能产生奇-异源四倍体百合的有效途径;再根据获得的奇-异源四倍体的基因组构成设计杂交组合产生非整倍体后代,用GISH技术分析杂交后代研究奇-异源四倍体种质渗入的功能,并以期获得具有较高商业价值的奇-异源四倍体和非整倍体百合,从而,有效地指导百合育种实践。
本项目对新引进的百合品种的倍性和基因组构成进行了分析,结果为组内杂交品种一般为二倍体(2n=2x=24),即东方百合为OO,铁炮百合为LL,亚洲百合为AA,只有亚洲百合有少量的三倍体(AAA)和四倍体(AAAA)品种,组间杂交品种为异源三倍体(2n=3x=36),其基因组构成有LAA,OTO,LOO等,另外,有少量二倍体品种,如:‘Yelloween’(OT)和‘Nymph’(OT),和少量奇异源四倍体品种如‘Honesty’(LAAA)何‘Original Love’(LAAA)。在此基础上,进行了远缘杂交获得LA,OA和TA的杂交后代,初步获得了少量观赏百合与食用百合的杂种后代,同时筛选了一些潜在价值较高的材料(如OO,AA,OT,LA等),利用安磺灵和秋水仙素等进行了加倍处理,利用LA x AAAA获得奇异源四倍体百合(LAAA)的方式初步获得了一些发育的果实,GISH分析解释从细胞水平解释了奇异源四倍体百合的减数分裂异常而引起其高度雄性不育,但可以作母本与合适的二倍体或四倍杂交获得非整倍体百合后代,转录组分析初步从分子水平阐述了LAAA x AA杂交成功而LAAA x LL杂交不成功的机制。由于百合生长期较长,通过LALA x AAAA;OTOT x OOOO等途径获得奇异源四倍体百合的工作需要继续进行。本研究的一些相关结果有些已经整理成论文发表或审稿中。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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