木质纤维素废弃物的固体催化高效液化机理研究

In the process of bioconversion of biomass, large amount of lignocellulose residues are produced. However, most of the biomass residues are abandoned or burned directly. These approaches lead to the waste of precious natural resources and aggravation of air pollution. This project is focused on the efficient and rapid liquefaction of lignocellulose residues by using high activity, easy recovery and recyclable heteropolyacids solid catalyst. Kinetic model of the catalyst can be established according to the parameters of its specific surface area, number of acid sites, pore size, et al. The model is then combined with the chemical structure, molecular weight, hydroxyl number, acid number, viscosity of the liquefaction product. Thus the efficient liquefaction and controllable mechanisms of the liquefaction of lignocelluose residues can be revealed. After that, the liquefaction product, namely bio-polyol, are used to replace industrial polyols to synthesize polyurethane rigid foam materials. The influences of the amount of bio-polyols, isocyanate index, temperature on the structure and properties of polyurethane materials are investigated and the effect mechanism of the liquefaction of lignocellulose and performance of bio-polyols are discussed. This project will provide a theoretical basis for the material conversion and comprehensive utilization of the renewable lignocelluose resources, which is great significant to develop a green and low-carbon economy.

生物质炼制过程中会产生大量的木质纤维素废弃物。这些废弃物基本上采用填埋或焚烧处理，不仅加剧了空气污染，而且浪费了宝贵的自然资源。本项目旨在利用高活性、易回收、可循环利用的杂多酸固体催化剂，在液化剂的作用下实现木质纤维素废弃物的高效、快速液化。根据催化剂的比表面积、酸中心数量、孔径等性能参数建立动力学模型，并结合液化产物的结构、分子量、羟值、酸值、粘度等性能参数，揭示木质纤维素废弃物的高效液化机理和可控机制。将所得液化产物，即液化多元醇，替代工业多元醇合成聚氨酯硬质泡沫，研究液化多元醇用量、异氰酸酯指数、温度等对聚氨酯材料的结构和性能的影响，揭示液化多元醇的合成与使用性能之间的作用规律。该项目可为可再生的木质纤维素资源的的材料化转化和综合利用提供理论依据，对发展绿色、低碳经济有着十分重要的意义。

本项目利用高活性、易回收、可循环利用的固体酸催化剂，在液化剂的作用下实现了生物质的高效、快速液化。根据液化产物的结构、分子量、羟值、酸值、粘度等性能参数，揭示了生物质的液化机理和可控机制。将所得液化产物，即液化多元醇，替代工业多元醇合成聚氨酯硬质泡沫，研究了液化多元醇用量、异氰酸酯指数、温度等对聚氨酯材料的结构和性能的影响，揭示了液化多元醇的合成与使用性能之间的作用规律。该项目可为可再生的木质纤维素资源的的材料化转化和综合利用提供理论依据，对发展绿色、低碳经济有着十分重要的意义。