秦巴山区村镇聚落规划与建设策略研究

Research on the theory and technology of the planning and construction of village settlement at the present stage of city models tend to give priority to, not from the city planning. Although there are different between rural settlement in common, but in different regions of the two factors of rural settlement due to its natural environment and cultural environment determines the difference between planning and construction, therefore can not be unified mode applied village settlement of all. This project tries to reference and experience at home and abroad related to rural settlement planning method, by exploring the selection and evolution of mountain village settlement planning experience and energy efficiency design experience, according to the strategy, the lateral and longitudinal comparative study summed up for the village Qinba Mountain settlements planning and construction of the method and strategy, determine the planning hierarchy, and the corresponding content, mode, control index and determine the government planning level, and at the same time to compile the architectural design of energy saving residential area. The research results further perfect the theories and methods of the planning of villages and towns in Qinba mountainous area, has important theory value for perfecting the whole village Qinba Mountain settlements and planning covering different regions and the construction of the system, which provides the theoretical basis and technical support and has practical significance to the planning and construction of mountain village settlement of similar geographical environment of the mountain village settlement planning and construction.

现阶段的村镇聚落规划与建设的理论与技术的研究往往以城市的模型为主，脱离不了城市规划的影子，因此不能用统一的规划与建设的方法和策略套用所有的村镇聚落。同时建筑设计领域建筑节能研究成果多是理念性结论，没有达到节能技术融合设计过程，更没有纳入村镇规划与住宅设计相关规范和标准。 本项目试图借鉴国内外相关的村镇聚落规划方法与经验，通过探索筛选和演化山区村镇聚落规划与建筑节能设计经验，揭示出秦巴山区村镇聚落不同空间形态的地域特点和内在规律。进一步建立出适宜秦巴山区村镇聚落空间形态和地理适宜性的规划与建设方法与策略，并确定规划层级对应的内容，控制性指标的种类并对其进行量化。同时编制适合秦巴山区村镇聚落的建筑设计节能标准和节能设计标准图集，并建立节能居住示范工程。研究成果对于完善整个秦巴山区和具有相似地理环境的山区村镇聚落规划与建设体系具有重要理论价值和技术支撑。

本课题以生态环境脆弱、人民生活贫困的秦巴山区村镇聚落为研究对象， 深入秦巴山区村镇聚落，通过对该地区的聚落、传统民居进行实地调查、主观反映评价，揭示了秦巴山区村镇聚落空间形态形成的肌理及存在的地理适宜性，建立秦巴山区村镇聚落具有地域特色和针对性的规划方法和策略，并确定规划层面的控制指标种类并对其量化，完善村镇聚落建设规划层面的内容。同时通过构建建筑空间构成和围护结构构造，冬夏季热环境及热工环境性能的试验研究，揭示围护结构对于室内环境和房间能耗的影响关系，并提出了人体中性温度的预测规模，完善了建筑保温与被动式太阳能结合的建筑节能设计理论与方法，数据成果支持编制秦巴山区地方建筑节能图集，应用于国家与地方节能标准及工程实践。