织物增强混凝土模板及其叠合梁板生命周期力学性能研究

The application and theoretical researches of textile reinforced concrete in the new structural systems are reported rarely. Wherein, the pre-casting stay-in-place formwork adopting the technology of textile reinforced concrete can improve not only the level of industrialized construction, but also the structural durability. The assumption is proposed, that using the fine stainless expanded steel as hanger for soft textile. On the basis of preliminary studies, firstly, the influence of the volume of textile and stainless expanded steel, the formwork thickness and its matrix concrete strength, the tensional and flexural properties, the anti-punching performance, the impermeability, and the corrosion resistance of composite sheets are studied respectively. Secondly，the lap jointing type，constructional detail, precast technology and mechanical properties of the "U" shaped beam-formwork, and the "π" shaped slab-formwork are also studied respectively. The formwork forms are innovated referring to the advantages of "the technology of construction formwork". The research contents focus on the listed aspects, which including the relationship between the cracking feature of the surface formwork and durability of the composite beam and slab members under the normal employment, the delayed effect of the surface formwork to the mechanical properties degradation of composite beam and slab members, the composite component nonlinear finite element analysis method based on the mechanical properties of the life cycle, and the design theories of the composite structures based on the BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology in the life cycle. Through the above studies，the new design theory of composite structures is proposed, the new method used to improve durability of concrete structures is explored which using high performance materials, and the new research field of textile reinforced concrete is expanded.

织物增强混凝土在新结构中的理论和应用研究报道较少；其中，用织物增强混凝土预制永久性模板研究，不仅提高建筑工业化水平，而且可以提高结构耐久性。本人提出用"精细不锈钢板网"架立软织物的设想；在前期研究基础上，首先研究织物和钢板网的体积含量及模板的板厚、混凝土强度等对其抗拉和抗弯性能、抗冲剪性能、抗渗性能、耐腐蚀性能的影响；然后结合"建筑模网技术"优点，改进"U"形模和"π"形模等的组合搭接、构造尺寸、预制工艺和力学性能，并创新模板形式；重点研究叠合梁板在正常使用状态下表层模板裂缝特征和梁板构件耐久性之间的关系；研究表层模板对梁板构件力学性能退化的阻滞作用；研究基于生命周期力学性能的叠合构件非线性有限元分析方法；并研究基于建筑信息模型（BIM）的叠合梁板结构体系生命周期性能设计方法。通过研究，提出新型叠合结构设计理论，探索采用高性能材料提高混凝土结构耐久性的新途径，扩展织物增强混凝土研究新领域。

织物增强混凝土（TRC）是，采用现代纺织设备生产的以多轴向连续纤维经编织物结构的织物，增强混凝土的新技术。织物增强混凝土新技术较传统的乱向短纤维增强混凝土技术对混凝土的定向增强作用更高，国内外大量研究表明，织物增强混凝土可以用做结构构件的一部分参与结构构件承受荷载，并用做结构的保护层以提高结构的耐久性能。本项研究采用两轴向织物依扶于不锈钢板网，按模板的空间几何形态增强高性能细骨料混凝土，可在工厂预制形成模板，该模板的强度使它可以承担一定跨度内的施工荷载。如果采用该模板和钢筋混凝土叠合形成梁板结构体系，该模板不仅可以和钢筋混凝土共同受力，而且可以在钢筋混凝土表面形成致密的保护层，使钢筋混凝土在大气或海水等腐蚀环境中的耐久性得到提高，使钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命更长久。本项研究成果不仅包括模板成形工艺及其构造和组合、模板施工荷载下力学性能，而且包括叠合构件在普通介质中短期静载力学性能、叠合构件在疲劳荷载下力学性能试验研究等；叠合构件在腐蚀介质中的力学性能、叠合构件设计理论与方法等。对织物增强混凝土模板和钢筋混凝土叠合构件的施工、使用、耐久、破坏、加固等生命周期多阶段的力学性能和工程技术进行了研究，并提出设计方法和构造措施等。