外场诱导微结构动态、可逆变化调控固体表面浸润性研究

The microstructures of the traditional surfaces with special wettability cannot be changed dynamically and reversibly, when exposed to external stimulates, which severely restricted their wettability tuning. In this project, we intend to design and produce the Fe3O4-PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) micropillar arrays and the Fe3O4-PDMS micron thick film, to address this challenge. When exposed to the stretching force and the magnetic field, the structure of micropillar array as well as the micro-geometry of the film can be tuned dynamically and reversibly. This active tunability allows various microstructures to be exhibited in the same surface. In this way, the contact model between water droplets and the surface as well as the contact angle can be changed and controlled effectively, and thus the surface wetting can be tuned reversibly by controlling surface topographies. Also, controllable water spreading and directional water movement can be achieved by dynamic actuation of microstructures. Thorough investigating the relationship between varied microstructures and the corresponding wettability, we can establish the relational model between microstructures and wettability and reveal the mechanism of wettability tuning by controlling the microstructures dynamically and reversibly. Our proposal could enrich the strategies for designing and fabricating of smart surfaces with superwettability. Moreover, it is hoped to address the issues of traditional wetting tuning methods and provide a new way for tuning wetting properties of surfaces.

传统的浸润性表面在制备成型后，表面微结构往往不能随外场刺激发生动态、可逆的转变，从而极大的限制了表面浸润性调控手段。本项目拟通过设计与制备Fe3O4-PDMS（聚二甲基硅氧烷）微米柱阵列表面及Fe3O4-PDMS微米薄膜，在拉力和磁场作用下诱导微米柱阵列结构及薄膜微观形状发生动态、可逆的变化，使同一表面呈现出多样化的微结构，从而可逆的控制水滴与表面的接触模式及接触角大小，实现表面静态浸润性可逆调控，并控制水滴在表面的铺展及定向驱动，实现表面动态浸润性调控。通过考察微结构变化与其表现出的表面浸润性能之间的相关性，建立表面微结构-表面浸润性调控模型，阐明外场诱导微结构动态、可逆变化对表面浸润性调控的规律。本项目的研究可以丰富智能浸润性表面的设计及制备，更可突破传统表面浸润性调控方法的局限性，为表面浸润性调控提供一种新的思路。

浸润性是固体表面的重要性质，主要取决于表面的微观几何结构和化学组成。本项目通过制备磁性薄膜，在外磁场作用下动态、可逆的几何形状及微结构的变化，使表面呈现特定的形状梯度特征，从而巧妙地控制水滴与表面的接触模式变化，调控水滴在表面的铺展及定向驱动，实现表面润湿性的动态调控。通过精细地控制表面化学成分制备了一列些环境耐受性超浸润材料，主要包括：憎油性超滑水凝胶涂层、油环境中超疏水表面、耐紫外光照超疏水织物、抗油污超亲水表面及具有自分泌性能的超滑涂层，并根据所制备材料的独特性能实现了水中染料的高效吸附与光解、按需油/水分离、油/油分离、油中小水滴的有效吸附、织物紫外线屏蔽效应、表面自修复性能，从而大大拓宽了超浸润材料的使用环境和应用范围。本项目的研究揭示了表面微结构对表面润湿性的调控机制，建立了表面结构和成分对材料油/水分离效率、抗污性能及耐候稳定性的影响机制，丰富了智能浸润性表面的设计及制备，显著提高了表面浸润性调控的灵敏性，并突破了传统表面浸润性调控方法的局限性，为表面浸润性调控提供一种新的思路。项目研究成果在ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Applied Surface Science, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science等杂志上发表SCI论文7篇，他引160多次。