小尺寸配体稳定的胶体纳米粒子的自组装与超晶性质研究

This proposal target to achieve collective properties of nanocrystal superlattices, and look to open route for their property studies and applications. The proposed research starts from surface ligand exchange of nanoparticles, and aims to understand the interactions in between, and finally self-assemble the nanoparticles with short ligands into supercrystals. The short ligands would bring nanoparticles to very close distance and permits the collective properties of the supercrystals.Variation of the short ligands would give another parameter for us to tune the collective properties of supercrystals. A search for deeper understandings on the interplay between nanoparticles was also proposed and was expected to serve as the theoretical basis for the rational design of supercrystals.

本申请计划针对获取纳米粒子超级晶体及其复合性质这一关键科学问题开展研究，为此类材料的性质探索与应用提供新的思路。本申请从纳米粒子的表面配体交换入手，计划探索小尺寸配体稳定的纳米粒子的互相作用，并通过调控纳米粒子之间的互相作用，从而制得纳米粒子超级晶体。本申请使用的小尺寸配体将极大拉近纳米粒子间距，从而引发纳米粒子超级晶体的复合性质。变换此类配体也将允许我们实现对超晶复合性质的调控。申请人同时计划深入研究纳米粒子间的相互作用。这将允许我们理解纳米粒子超晶组装的机理，从而为进一步人工设计超晶结构提供指导性的理论基础。

本项目着重围绕“纳米粒子超级晶体及其复合性质”开展系统研究。采用配体交换的方法，实现了系列长程有序半导体薄膜的可控制备，揭示了组装机理，实现了对其电学、热电等复合性质的有效调控，着重探索了该类纳米粒子超级晶体在器件、能源等中的潜在应用价值，为理解纳米粒子超晶的组装机理及进一步人工设计超晶结构提供了依据与参考。