镍基金属纳米颗粒的可控合成、表征及催化肼硼烷选择性脱氢

Hydrogen is an ideal alternative energy to fossil fuels, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are the future development trend of the automobiles. However, the storage and transport of hydrogen is still challenging in terms of the application of hydrogen energy in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Hydrazine borane has an effective gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity weight (GHSC) up to 10.0 wt%, is considered to be a potential hydrogen storage material. Thus, finding a suitable metal catalyst for efficient dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane is in high demand. The dehydrogenation hydrazine borane is divided into two parts, N2H4 and BH3 group, the decomposition of N2H4 group is more difficult, the catalyst of catalytic decomposition of the groups N2H4 is focus on nickel metal and precious metal catalyst, in order to reduce cost and convenient application, reduce the dosage of the noble metal and look for the non-noble metal catalyst is very necessary. In this study, amine boranes with weak reducibility were used to control the morphology of nanoparticles nitrogen doped graphene was utilized as the support material to disperse and stabilize the metal nanoparticles. In this way, to obtain Ni-based metal catalysts with high activity and high selectivity for the selective dehydrogenation of hydrazine borane.

氢能是一种理想的替代石油的能源，氢燃料电池汽车是未来汽车的发展趋势。制约氢能在燃料电池汽车上应用的主要因素是氢的可控储存和释放。肼硼烷具有高达10.0wt%的有效重量储氢能力（GHSC），被认为是一种很有潜力的储氢材料，寻找能高效地催化肼硼烷选择性脱氢的金属纳米催化剂是目前研究的热点和难点。肼硼烷的脱氢分为N2H4基团和BH3基团两部分，其中N2H4基团分解较难，其催化剂主要为金属镍和贵金属组成的催化剂，为了降低成本方便实际应用，降低贵金属的用量和寻找非贵金属催化剂是十分必要的。本研究通过利用具有较弱还原性的氨基硼烷作为还原剂来调控镍基金属纳米颗粒的形貌和尺寸，并通过使用氮掺杂的石墨烯作为载体分散和稳定金属纳米颗粒，从而得到具有高活性、高选择性的镍基金属纳米催化剂来催化肼硼烷的选择性脱氢。

氢是一种理想的替代石油的能源，氢燃料电池汽车是未来汽车的发展趋势。制约氢能在燃料电池汽车上应用的主要因素是氢的可控储存和释放。肼硼烷具有高达10.0 wt%的有效重量储氢能力（GHSC），被认为是一种很有潜力的储氢材料，目前寻找能高效地催化肼硼烷选择性脱氢的金属纳米催化剂是目前研究的热点和难点。本项目针对储氢材料的脱氢催化剂的研究，通过寻找合适的以非贵金属为主的催化剂来降低储氢材料脱氢反应的成本，从而更好的方便实际应用。研究不同的还原剂、不同的金属组分对催化剂的形貌、尺寸及组成的影响。研究不同催化剂形貌等与催化脱氢反应的活性、稳定性之间的关系，从而获得高效稳定且成本低的催化剂。针对本项目的研究目标，研究石墨烯对于金属纳米颗粒的分散作用以及其和金属之间的协同作用；通过非金属磷的掺杂，利用P和金属之间的协同电子效应提升催化活性。研究成果提供了简单的方法合成金属磷化物催化剂，为寻找高效稳定的催化脱氢催化剂提供了一个可行的方向，具有理论和现实意义。