大气氨营养对不同蛋白含量大豆基因型生产和生物共生结瘤固氮的影响

Ammonia absorption by plant canopy is recognized as an important part of ammonia exchange between plant canopy and atmosphere. Plants are able to absorb ammonia from the air by the leaves and use it as an additional nitrogen source for crops and forest plants. It is important to investigate the effect of atmospheric ammonia nutrition on production and symbiotic nodulation and nitrogen fixation of soybean genotypes with different protein content. A pot experiment and micro-pot experiment (using two soybean genotypes with high and low protein content as indicators) were carried out in Open Top Chambers or Dynamic Chambers. The main studies are as follows: (1) Effects of atmospheric ammonia on production of two soybean genotypes with high and low protein content and the difference between two genotypes; (2) Physiological mechanism effects of atmospheric ammonia on symbiotic nodulation and nitrogen fixation of two soybean genotypes with high and low protein content; (3) The interaction of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen status on production and symbiotic nodulation and nitrogen fixation of two soybean genotypes with high and low protein content. The purpose of the study was to prove the influence mechanism of atmospheric ammonia on production and symbiotic nodulation and nitrogen fixation of legumes. The study would provide a theoretical basis for the efficient use of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen management in farmland.

植物冠层对大气中氨的吸收是植物与大气氨交换的一个主要过程，被吸收的氨是大田作物和一些森林植物的重要氮素来源，研究大气氨营养对不同蛋白含量大豆基因型生产和生物共生结瘤固氮的影响机理，对于丰富作物氮素营养理论及提高农田氮素利用效率具有重要意义。本项目以高、低2种蛋白含量大豆基因型为供试作物，采用开顶式气室和动态气室装置，通过盆栽和大田微区试验相结合的方法，主要研究：(1) 大气氨营养对不同蛋白含量大豆基因型生产的影响及两种基因型间的差异；(2) 大气氨营养对不同蛋白含量大豆基因型生物共生结瘤固氮影响的生理机制；(3) 大气氨营养和介质供氮水平对不同蛋白含量大豆基因型生产及生物共生结瘤固氮影响的交互作用。本项目旨在探明大气氨营养对豆科作物生产和生物共生结瘤固氮的影响机理，为大田生产中作物对大气氨高效利用及农田氮素综合管理提供理论依据。