基于新型高效掺杂物和3D-1D-2D/3D定向成型的高导热聚合物材料的热输运机理探究与实验研究

Polymer materials exhibit easy accessibility, excellent mechanical properties, good chemical stability and excellent processing property. However, the extremely poor thermal conductivity of polymers limits the scope of their application, especially in heat transfer field. From multi-factor synergistic control of the polymers’ thermal transport property, this project will study the heat transport theory and enhancing mechanism of polymer materials from theoretical and experimental aspects, and finally develop the high-thermal-conductivity polymer materials and their composites. The main research contents include: 1. Study the influence of interfacial coupling interactions between dopants and matrixes on heat transport property at interfaces; 2. Study the synergistic effect mechanism between individual structure and group spatial distribution characteristic of dopants on heat transport of polymer composites; 3. Develop the 3D-1D-2D/3D forming process for pure polymer materials from amorphous bulk to highly oriented nanofibers, and then from highly oriented nanofibers to highly oriented membrane or bulk; 4. Study the synergistic enhancement mechanism of thermal conductivity of polymer nanofibers under physical processes, such as torsion, weaving and squeezing et al., and come up with the forming and assembling methods to improve heat transport of nanofibers; 5. Experimentally develop multielement doping composites and highly oriented polymers or their composites, and research their thermal conductivity.

高分子聚合物来源广、机械性能优良、化学性质稳定、加工成型方便，被广泛应用于食品包装、电子封装、工程制造等方面，但它极低的导热系数限制了其在广阔传热领域的应用。本项目将理论和实验相结合，从高分子聚合物热输运特性各影响因素协同调控出发，研究高分子聚合物热输运机理及强化机制，最终研制高导热高分子聚合物。主要研究内容包括：1.掺杂物与基体表面耦合作用与热量输运特性的机理研究；2.掺杂物个体结构和群体空间分布特征对热量输运特性的协同作用机制研究；3.探索单纯聚合物历经无定形态块体-高定向纳米纤维-高定向薄膜/块体的3D-1D-2D/3D制备和成型过程，并研究其多维度下热输运演变机理；4.研究扭转、拉伸、编织等多重物理过程对聚合物纳米纤维导热性能的协同作用机制，提出改善导热性能的纳米纤维组合成型方式；5.实验研制多元掺杂复合材料和高定向聚合物及其复合材料，并对其导热性能进行实验研究。

本项目以提高高分子材料及其复合材料热量输运性能作为主要目标，从聚合物导热性能的各个影响因素出发，从微观、介观到宏观三个层面分析，探究新型高效掺杂物和3D-1D-2D/3D定向成型的高导热聚合物材料的热输运过程以及它们的耦合作用机理，发展提高热量输运性能的多因素协同调控机制，提高聚合物及其复合材料的导热性能。主要研究内容包括（1）掺杂物与基体表面耦合作用与热量输运特性的机理研究；（2）掺杂物个体结构和掺杂物群体空间分布特征对热量输运特性的协同作用机制研究；（3）探索聚合物历经无定形态块体-高定向纳米纤维-高定向薄膜/块体的3D-1D-2D/3D形态演变过程，并研究多维度高定向聚合物的热输运演变机理；（4）研究扭转、拉伸、编织等多重物理过程对聚合物纳米纤维导热性能的协同作用机制，并提出改善导热性能的纳米纤维组合成型方式；（5）设计并搭建实验系统，研制多元掺杂复合材料和高定向聚合物及其复合材料，并对其导热性能进行实验研究。本项目工作对于探究高导热复合材料的热传输机理以及材料的制备方法和工艺具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。