基于纳米发光材料的新型荧光开关体系构建及其传感分析应用

The studying of the stimuli-responsive fluorescence switch systems has attracted increasing attentions because of their potential applications in the field of biological sensing, smart devices and information storage. Recently, the emergence of the nanostructured luminescent materials has brought a dramatic change for the composition design of switch system.However，up to date，the reports about the construction or application of the nanostructured luminescent materials based fluorescence switch system are still relatively rare, and exist many problems while need to be further explored and improved, such as the poor stability and reproducibility and sole function. This project intends to fully integrate with the unique photochemical properties of the nanostructured luminescent materials, and starts from studying and preparing the gold nanoclusters and quantum dot luminescent materials with high optical stability and biocompatibility performance, through selecting the appropriate ligand or molecules with light, electricity or pH stimulate responsive functions while employing the methods of chemical bonding and embedding synthesis, to design and construct a high-quality intelligent fluorescence switch system with specific response function or many response functions into one.The new systems are expected to improved the overall performance of the nanostructured luminescent materials based fluorescence switch system, while further expand its application in the field of pH sensing.

刺激响应荧光开关体系因在生物传感、智能器件、信息存储等领域的潜在应用一直是国内外科研工作者的一个研究热点。近些年来，纳米发光材料的出现为荧光开关体系的组成设计带来了巨大变革，但是迄今为止，基于纳米发光材料荧光开关体系的构筑及其应用的相关报道还比较少见，并面临许多问题，仍需进一步的探索和完善，如体系功能设计单一，在应用过程中稳定性与重现性较差等。本项目拟从研究和制备性能稳定且生物相容性好的金纳米簇发光材料和量子点发光材料出发，充分结合利用这两种材料的独特光学性质，通过选取合适的具有光、电或pH信号刺激响应功能的配体或分子，采用化学键合、包埋合成等方式，设计构建出以发光金纳米簇或量子点作为功能构筑单元，具有特定响应功能或多种响应功能于一体的智能化荧光开关体系。以期改善纳米发光材料荧光开关体系的整体性能，并进一步拓展了该体系在pH传感分析中的应用。

刺激响应荧光开关体系因在生物传感、智能器件、信息存储等领域的潜在应用一直是国内外科研工作者的一个研究热点。近些年来，纳米发光材料给荧光开关体系的设计和构建带来了新的思路。本项目围绕新型性能稳定且生物相容性好的纳米发光材料的制备和应用进行研究，一方面以酵母味素为稳定剂和还原剂，成功合成制备了铜纳米簇和铂纳米簇结构。（1）利用硫离子和过硫酸钠的共同存在时能够诱导铜纳米簇发生聚集荧光增强的现象，开发了灵敏度高选择性好的硫离子荧光传感器，并可成功地用于检测实际水样中硫离子含量；（2）利用铂纳米簇的过氧化物模拟酶的催化特性，发展了一种比色灵敏检测葡萄糖的新方法，并可成功地用于人血清中葡萄糖含量的灵敏检测；（3）利用铂纳米簇的荧光强度及荧光寿命在生理缓冲附近（6-7.5）内具有灵敏的pH依赖性，发展了一种基于铂纳米簇的荧光寿命pH可控的荧光开关体系，可用于检测细胞生理环境中pH 的变化。另一方面利用聚苯胺的电致变色性质首次成功构筑了电位三态可控硅量子点的荧光开关体系，有效促进了硅量子点在智能记忆材料领域的应用。上述的研究成果对促进纳米科技的发展，荧光分析技术的进步以及纳米材料在电子器件、环境分析、生物分析、显微成像等领域的应用都具有重要的意义。