双模式太阳能热化学吸附长周期复合储能特性研究

In the previous project supported by National Natural Science Foundation, a novel thermochemical sorption transformer energy storage technique was developed to improve the energy storage density and working efficiency of short-term solar energy storage system. The systematic characteristics of the thermochemcial sorption transformer energy storage were studied by using theoretical and experimental methods. In total, 4 academic papers indexed by SCI have been published in the several authorized international journals, and other 3 papers are being under review. Moreover, the author applied for 5 Chinese Invention Patents concerning the research content. Based on the aforementioned research results obtained in the previous project, an innovative dual-mode solid-gas thermochemical sorption energy storage thermodynamic cycle was further proposed to achieve the long-term solar energy storage with high efficiency. The presented energy storage thermodynamic cycle was employed to overcome the fundamental problems of the large heat loss and low working perforamce existed in the conventioal long-term solar energy storage systems. The combined cooling and heating supply, integrated energy storage and energy upgrade of solar energy can be achieved by introducing the novel dual-mode thermochemical sorption energy storage method. The main research contents in the project as follows: the development of the innovative dual-mode thermochemical sorption energy storage cycle for solar energy, the enhancment of heat and mass transfer and the configuration description of compound energy storage materials, the establishment of the energy upgrade uing thermochemical temperature-lift adsorption technology with internal heat recovery process, the working characterics of thermochemcial sorption long-term energy storage and energy release of solar thermal energy, and so on. The operating principle of the dual-mode thermochemical sorption long-term energy storage is based on the reversible solid-gas chemical reaction whereby solar thermal energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds with thermochemical sorption process. Thus, it has the distinct advantages of higher energy storage density, integrated heat and cold storage, and little heat loss during long-term storage period when compared with the conventional long-term solar energy storage systems using sensible heat or latent heat technologies. The proposed dual-mode thermochemical sorption energy storage technique has the potential to provide an high-efficient method for long-term energy storage of solar thermal energy.

针对传统太阳能热储存技术的不足，在青年科学基金的大力资助下，申请人采用热化学吸附变温储能新方法对太阳能短期热储存特性进行了深入研究，取得了较好的研究成果，目前已在国际期刊上发表高质量SCI检索论文4篇，另有3篇处于审稿状态，并申请发明专利5项。在前期研究成果的基础上，为了克服传统太阳能长周期热储能存在的热量损失严重、工作性能较低的瓶颈问题，本项目进一步提出了新型双模式太阳能热化学吸附复合储能热力循环，以实现太阳能的长周期高效热储存为目标，涵盖太阳能的能量品位提升及长周期双模式冷/热复合储能为一体；主要研究内容包括双模式热化学吸附复合储能热力循环构建、储能材料表征与热质耦合传递强化、回热型热化学变温吸附能量品位提升特性、太阳能热化学吸附长周期复合储/供能特性等。本项目利用太阳能与热化学吸附势能的相互转化实现太阳能的长周期热储存，具有储能密度高、冷/热复合储能、长期储存几乎无热损失的高效优点。

在国家自然科学基金的大力资助下，课题组研究人员针对太阳能长周期储热能量损失严重、工作性能较低的关键科学问题，以实现太阳能的长周期高效热储存为目标，通过耦合热化学变温吸附技术、热化学吸附储能技术及内部回热技术，构建并实施了一种新型的双模式太阳能热化学吸附复合储能热力循环，涵盖太阳能热能的能量品位提升及长周期冷/热复合储能供能内容为一体。通过对相关内容的深入研究发现：(1) 新型双模式太阳能热化学吸附复合储能热力循环可实现太阳能热量和制冷冷量的短周期/长周期储存和热品位提升，储能密度约为传统显热和相变潜热的2-5倍，储能密度高达1000 kJ·kg-1以上；(2) 成功研制了多孔碳材料（膨胀石墨、碳纳米管）为基质的固化复合吸附储能材料，揭示了反应盐膨胀结块和吸附性能衰减机制，实现了化学吸附储能反应盐的活性维持；（3）阐述了双模式太阳能热化学吸附复合储能热力循环的直接供热模式和升温供热模式工作原理，无论冬季环境温度的高低均可通过供热模式的切换满足用户的供热需求；(4) 构建了双模式太阳能热化学吸附长周期储能实验测试平台，通过实施基于温度/热量梯级匹配的内部回热型热化学变温吸附技术实现了供热温度能量品位的有效提升和向外界的冷/热联供；（5）确立了太阳能热化学吸附长周期储能的有效配置方案，完成了双模式太阳能热化学吸附储热/储冷复合热力循环的优化，具有储能密度高、冷/热复合储能、长期储存几乎无热损失的高效优点。.本项目取得了很好的研究成果，在理论方面构建并实施了双模式太阳能热化学吸附复合储能热力循环，关键技术方面实现了内部回热型热化学变温吸附技术对长周期储存热量温度品位的有效提升。目前已在国际期刊上发表高质量SCI论文8篇（另有2篇SCI论文处于审稿状态），EI论文4篇，获得国家授权发明专利5项，其中2篇研究论文入选高被引ESI论文；在能源与机械类最高影响因子顶级期刊Prog Energ Combust Sci上发表论文1篇；在能源领域重要期刊Energy发表论文3篇；在传热领域重要期刊Int J Heat & Mass Transfer发表论文2篇；在本项目资助下培养博士生2名，硕士生1名，其中2名研究生获得国家奖学金；项目负责人获得国家自然科学基金优青项目和中国制冷学会青年科技奖，应邀在国内外学术会议上做大会主旨/主题报告3次。