The South Qinshui Basin is a successful example of CBM development in the high rank coal of China. Methane carbon isotope indicates that CBM in this area is thermogenic. But 16SrRNA sequencing of CBM wells’ produced water in South Qinshui Basin detects methane bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria, nitrate reducing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, suggesting that the secondary biogenic gas composition should exist in South Qinshui Basin, which contradicts with the understanding of CBM origin in the high rank coal. By systematically collecting produced water samples of CBM wells in this project, the applicant will test the water ions, hydrogen and oxygen isotope, REE, dissolved inorganic carbon isotope and microbial diversity, research the C-S-N biogeochemical characteristics closely related to the microbial metabolic activity, construct the gene library of microorganism in the study area, establish the C-S-N biological cycle model in the high rank coal of South Qinshui Basin, reveal the production and consumption mechanism of the biological methane, determine the CBM’s type in the high rank coal of South Qinshui Basin, divide microbial zone, evaluate CBM favorable enrichment area for high production and provide scientific basis to improve the efficiency of CBM development.
沁水盆地南部是我国高煤阶煤层气成功开发的范例,其甲烷碳氢同位素测定结果指示该区为热成因煤层气。但针对沁水盆地南部煤层气井产出水的16SrRNA测序检测出产甲烷菌、硫酸盐还原菌、硝酸盐还原菌及反硝化细菌,又暗示着沁水盆地南部应该存在次生生物气成分,与人们对高煤阶煤层气的成因认识存在矛盾。本项目拟通过系统采集煤层气井产出的水样,进行水离子、氢氧同位素、REE、溶解无机碳同位素、微生物多样性等方面的分析测试,研究与微生物代谢活动密切相关的C-S-N生物地球化学特征,构建研究区微生物的基因文库,建立沁水盆地南部高煤阶煤储层的C-S-N生物循环模式,揭示生物甲烷产生与消耗机理,判别现阶段沁水盆地南部高煤阶煤储层甲烷成因类型,划分微生物区带,评价煤层气富集高产有利区,为提高煤层气开发效率提供科学依据。
微生物降解煤中有机质与产甲烷是煤层气研究领域中的热点。应用微生物基因组测序技术,系统研究了沁水盆地南部高阶煤储层不同水动力区带微生物C-N-S功能基因的分布特征,研究表明该生态系统对地下水的氧化还原条件具有高度敏感性,研究区3号煤储层水动力强度由东向西逐渐减弱,形成由径流区向滞流区的过渡特征,与径流区相比,滞流区具有更高的储层压力、甲烷含量和离子浓度。与C、N和S循环相关的微生物功能基因丰度从径流区到滞流区逐渐增加,包括纤维素降解基因(如纤维素1,4-β-纤维糖苷酶)、产甲烷基因(例如mcr, fwd, mtd, mer 与 mtr),N-循环基因(如nifDKH, amoB, narGHI, napAB, nirK, norC and nosZ)和S-循环基因(如dsrAB, sir, cysN, sat, aprAB and PAPSS)。这表明滞流区的微生物C-N-S循环作用更为活跃。机器学习模型表明,这些差异基因可以作为区分径流区和滞流区的有效指标。碳氢同位素表明研究区的甲烷以热生成因为主,产甲烷菌与厌氧异养型细菌竞争有限的代谢底物,导致产甲烷菌的丰度较低。此外,甲烷氧化细菌消耗了部分生物成因甲烷,是研究区生物成因甲烷未得到有效保存的主要原因。此外,由径流区到滞流区水动力条件逐渐减弱,C-N-S循环作用,包括植物有机碳降解作用、产甲烷作用、反硝化作用和硫酸盐还原作用逐渐增强,导致滞流区二氧化碳的增加,硫酸盐和硝酸盐的消耗。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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