南果梨花发育分子机制研究

The application of genomic tools in accelerating the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of floral and fruit development is crucial in efforts to improving the agronomic crop yield and quality, which is also the focus in plant science. The major economic horticultural crop Nanguo pear of Anshan in Liaoning is selected as the material in this project. Considering the importance precedent of floral development in fruit development, and the absence of the molecular mechanisms in flower development of Nanguo pear, molecular mechanisms of flower development will be focused on revealing morphogenesis of flowers and characterizing MADS-box genes that function in flower development. We will comprehensively analyze the sequences, expression pattern and function of A, B, C and E MADS-box genes to establish the molecular model for Nanguo pear flower development. At the same time, the expression pattern of these MADS-box genes will also be investigated in fruit development to infer the potential role of these MADS-box genes in the development of fruit. The findings of this project could provide molecular basis to enhance the yield and quality of Nanguo pear.

调控植物花果器官的分子遗传学机制一直是提高农艺作物产量和质量的基础，也是植物学界的研究热点。本项目选取辽宁鞍山主要经济园艺作物南果梨为实验材料，考虑到花发育在果实发育中起到的先决重要性，以及结合南果梨研究现状中有关花发育分子机制方面的欠缺，因此选定其花发育的分子机制作为重点研究内容。结合花发生发育形态学及功能进化发育生物学的研究，通过对参与花发育调控的A、B、C和E类MADS-box基因的序列结构、系统发育分析、表达式样、功能验证等多方面的比对研究，阐明其花发育的分子机制。同时将表达式样的研究结果扩展到对果实发育及成熟的遗传调控分子机制研究中，初步分析推断出可能参与果实发育的相关MADS-box基因，以期为改进作物的产量与品质奠定理论基础，以适应经济农作物的发展需要。