海洋灾害环境下离岸养殖设施的动力特性

Development of offshore deep water breeding is the long-term strategy of the food guarantee and food safety, which is the only way for the development of the fishery. At present, basic study concerning offshore deep water breeding facilities and engineering technology is very weak in China, which has become the main bottleneck of deep sea breeding development. In this project, the theoretical analysis, physical model experiment,numerical simulation and protype observation are applied as the research tools. System decomposition (buoyancy frame, the nets, breeding cage body and anchor rope) research and study of combination are adopted. Focusing on the core scientific problem of dynamic response and failure mechanism of offshore aquacultural facilities in marine disaster enviroment,three main parts of work are included in the project : 1) the water elastic problem of floating flexible small scale structure under wave action; 2) the nonlinear fluid solid coupling of flexible net structure ; 3) the structural coupling response and failure mechanism of breeding facility system under the environmental loads. Through this project, the theoretical analysis mode of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the offshore aquacultural facility with promising application, the computer aided design system, and the safety evaluation system and the corresponding software will be hopefully obtained, which will surely make great contribution to the healthy development of offshore aquaculture and the discipline expanding of ocean engineering.

发展离岸深水养殖是保障我国粮食和食品安全的长远战略,是渔业发展的必由之路。目前我国离岸深水养殖设施与工程技术的基础理论研究非常薄弱，已成为制约海上深水养殖业快速发展的主要瓶颈。本项目拟通过理论分析研究、物理模型实验、数值模拟计算、现场原型观测相结合的途径，采用系统分解（浮力架、网衣、养殖笼体及锚绳等）研究而后组合研究的方式，围绕"灾害环境下离岸养殖设施的动力响应及破坏机理"这个核心科学问题,从1)波浪作用下漂浮柔性小尺度结构的水弹性问题；2)柔性网衣结构的非线性流固耦合问题；3)环境荷载作用下养殖设施系统结构耦合响应与破坏机理等三个主要方面开展系统、深入的研究工作。通过本项目的研究最终取得有实际应用前景的离岸养殖设施水动力特性理论分析模式、计算机辅助设计系统、安全评估系统及相应软件，为离岸养殖业的健康发展和海洋工程的学科拓展做出重要贡献。

高密度近海养殖、废水超标排放和长期过度捕捞，导致近海渔业资源枯竭。因此利用大型抗风浪网箱这类新型海工装备，开展深水养殖成为国际海洋渔业发展的必由之路，亦纳入我国战略性产业发展规划！如何设计、建造能够抵抗极端海洋灾害的养殖设施是全球海上养殖业的首要挑战。本项目围绕“海洋灾害环境下离岸养殖设施的动力特性”这个核心科学问题，开展了理论分析、物理模型实验和数值模拟研究。.本项目构建了深水大型抗风浪网箱的水动力分析理论体系，解决了设施抗风浪设计的理论方法问题。突破了深水网箱结构设计、产品研发和安全评价的关键技术，实现了适合我国复杂海况大型抗风浪网箱的自主研制。开发了深水网箱设施的规划、建造和安装的标准化工程技术，形成了大规模产业示范。.在本项目的资助下，发表学术论文50篇，其中SCI国外期刊论文29篇（包括国际高水平学术期刊Journal of Fluids and Structure 4篇，Ocean Engineering 3篇，Aquacultural Engineering 9篇，Applied Ocean Research 5篇）；授权国家发明专利4项，软件著作权4项；获教育部高等学校科学研究优秀成果奖2015年科技进步一等奖、2016年辽宁省科技进步二等奖、2013年海洋工程科学技术二等奖；培养博士生7名，硕士生18名，博士后2名；参加国际学术会议18人次。