城市化河流生态水文效应及调控机制研究

River flow regime is the most important driver of river ecological system. Urbanization development not only changes the hydrological processes of urban rivers, but also significantly effects on the structure and function of river ecosystem. Dynamic response mechanism between urbanization and river ecosystems has become a hot issue in the research field of eco-hydrology. In this study, using remote sensing and GIS techniques, urban streams of Zhengzhou city are chosen to analyze the effects on river systems change of urbanization development. Based on basin distributed eco-hydrological simulation model, this proposal quantitatively analyses the effect degree of urbanization on river eco-hydrological processes, and study the coupling relationship between river ecosystem hydrology variation and urban development. Ecological flow thresholds of urban steams are comprehensively assessed and urbanization river eco-hydrological integrated regulation objectives are proposed according to river ecosystem flow assessment methodologies coupling eco-hydrology and ecological hydraulics. Considering the objectives of river ecological flow standards and water quality standards in water functional area, the simulation models and scheduling program effectiveness evaluation model of urban river water quality and quantity of joint regulation are built, and ecological regulation technology programs of urban river systems are presented. This study aims to provide theoretical basis and technical support for river ecosystem protection and sustainable use of water resources in highly developed urbanization areas.

河流水文过程是影响河流生态系统的重要驱动力，城市化发展在改变河流水文过程的同时，也对河流生态系统的结构和功能造成重要影响。研究城市化与河流生态系统之间动态响应机理，已成为当前生态水文学研究领域的热点问题。本研究以郑州市河流水系为研究对象，利用遥感和GIS技术手段，探讨城市化发展对河流水系格局变化影响机制；基于流域分布式生态水文模拟模型，定量分析城市化发展对河流生态水文过程影响程度，研究河流生态水文变异与城市化发展水平之间耦合关系；基于耦合生态水文学和生态水力学方法的河流生态流量评估方法，对城市河流水系生态流量阈值进行综合评估，提出城市化河流生态水文综合调控目标；综合考虑河流生态流量和河流水功能区水质达标目标，构建城市河流水质水量联合调度模拟模型和调度方案效果评价模型，提出城市河流水系生态调控技术方案。研究将为我国城市化高度发展地区河流生态保护以及水资源可持续利用研究提供理论依据和技术支持。

河流水文过程是影响河流生态系统的重要驱动力，城市化发展在改变河流水文过程的同时，也对河流生态系统的结构和功能造成重要影响。研究城市化与河流生态系统之间动态响应机理，已成为当前生态水文学研究领域的热点问题。本研究以城市化快速发展的郑州市为研究区域，在对土地利用类型变化评价的基础上，通过对郑州市20多年来不同时期河网水系变化进行评价，探讨城市化影响下河流水系的结构特征和河网连通性等变化，进而分析郑州市河网水系在城市化影响下变化趋势。在此基础上通过对郑州市降水、径流等水文特征在城市化发展影响下变化情势进行分析，得出河流生态水文的改变程度。分析计算了郑州市河网水系的生态需水量，提出了基于生态调控的补水方案和连通方案。研究将为我国城市化高度发展地区河流生态保护以及水资源可持续利用研究提供理论依据和技术支持。