多子阵合成孔径声纳成像技术研究

In view of problems that the contribution of echoed signal outside the main lobe, the influence of wideband receiver/transmitter beam pattern, and the slow attenuation of beam pattern are usually neglected when it comes to the traditional multi-receiver synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) echoed signal simulation, this proposal considers those problems and studies on the wideband receiver/transmitter beam pattern based imaging through the theoretical derivation and computer simulation experiment. Considering the problems that there are few methods to predict the performances of imaging models at home and abroad, the proposal takes advantage of characteristics of space-invariance in azimuth dimension and space-variance in range dimension, and studies on the two-dimensional variant model approximation error. These can provide supports for the parameter design and the development of imaging algorithms. Then, this proposal considers problems that traditional imaging algorithms cannot satisfy the imaging demand in cases with wide-beam, wideband, or large swath cases, and proposes a novel imaging algorithm based on the one-to-one relation between azimuth time and Doppler, the motion geometric relation between the receiver and the transmitter, and the sub-block processing methods. This improves the SAS imaging performances. Moreover, It also provides technical support for the development of the next high-performance multi-receiver SAS system.

针对传统多子阵合成孔径声纳回波信号仿真忽略了主瓣外回波信号的贡献、收发阵元宽频带的波束影响以及波束衰减缓慢的实际问题，结合理论推导和仿真实验研究基于收发阵元宽频带波束调制的目标成像；针对国内外不能提前预估成像模型性能优劣的问题，基于方位空不变和距离空变特性研究成像模型二维空变的近似误差，从而为待研制多子阵合成孔径声纳系统的参数和成像算法的设计提供依据。在此基础上，针对传统成像算法不能满足宽波束、宽频带、宽测绘带等问题，基于方位向慢时间和多普勒频率之间的时频映射关系、收发阵元运动几何关系、距离向数据分块处理等方法研究新的成像算法，以提高图像的聚焦质量，进而为下一代高性能多子阵合成孔径声纳系统的研制提供技术支撑。

针对传统多子阵合成孔径声纳回波信号仿真忽略了主瓣外回波信号的贡献、收发阵元宽频 带的波束影响以及波束衰减缓慢的实际问题，结合理论推导和仿真实验研究基于收发阵元宽频带波束调制的目标成像；针对国内外不能提前预估成像模型性能优劣的问题，基于方位空不变和距离空变特性研究成像模型二维空变的近似误差，从而为待研制多子阵合成孔径声纳系统的参数和成像算法的设计提供依据。在此基础上，针对传统成像算法不能满足宽波束、宽频带、宽测绘带等问题，基于方位向慢时间和多普勒频率之间的时频映射关系、收发阵元运动几何关系、距离向数据分块处理等方法研究新的成像算法，以提高图像的聚焦质量，进而为下一代高性能多子阵合成孔径声纳系统的研制提供技术支撑。