考虑碳排放政策的废旧产品回收再制造决策与减排策略研究

Under the target of carbon emissions reduction, the government’s decisions on making Carbon emissions policy and the producers’ decisions on operation influence and restrict each other. "Carbon Emissions Policies" as the link, the decision-makings issues on Carbon Emissions Policies of the government and the decision-makings problems on recycling and remanufacturing of remanufacturers (including OEM and independent remanufacturers) are researched based on operations research and management science with models in this project: ①The key indexes, which influence the decisions, are analyzed from the perspective of the manufacturers. The carbon emissions measurement integrated models are developed by considering recycling modes, carbon savings between producing new products and remanufacturing products, and the quality differences of used products together; ②The comprehensive decisions optimization models of recycling and remanufacturing of used products are developed by integrating synthesis carbon emissions measurement models, the recovery value assessment model and remanufacturing value evaluation models considering the used products’ quality difference. ③In order to solving the comprehensive and complex models, hybrid intelligent optimization algorithms are designed and distributed robust optimization, the Pareto multi-objective optimization are introduced. The optimal decisions on recycling and remanufacturing are made. The government further makes, adjusts or optimizes Carbon Emissions Policies according to the remanufacturers’ decisions’ feedback and put forward dynamic carbon reduction strategies. The theories in the fields of the closed-loop supply chain, remanufacturing production decision and the sustainable development can be enriched by the results of this project, and it also can provide theoretical basis for remanufacturers to make operations decisions and for the government to make Carbon Emissions Policies.

在碳减排目标下，政府碳排放政策决策与生产商决策相互影响，相互制约。本项目以“碳排放政策”为纽带，从基于模型的运筹与管理科学的视角研究政府碳排放政策的制定问题和再制造商（包括OEM和独立再制造商）的回收再制造决策问题：①从再制造商角度分析影响决策的碳排放关键环节，构建考虑回收模式、新品/再制品碳排放节约和废旧产品质量差异的碳排放综合计量模型；②集成碳排放综合计量模型、回收价值评估模型和考虑质量差异的再制造价值评估模型构建废旧产品回收再制造综合决策优化模型；③针对模型的复杂性和难以求解性，拟引入分布式鲁棒优化、Pareto多目标优化并设计混合智能优化算法等进行求解，制定最优回收决策和再制造决策，根据再制造商决策反馈制定或调整优化碳排放政策，提出动态碳减排策略。项目研究可以丰富闭环供应链、再制造生产决策和可持续发展领域等理论，并为再制造商和政府制定碳排放政策提供理论依据。

项目团队在项目进行过程中持续对回收再制造、碳排放政策优化领域研究动态进行跟踪、把握，对项目申请书所拟定的研究内容进行了深入研究，重点研究了考虑回收模式、新品/再制品碳排放节约和废旧产品质量差异的废旧产品回收再制造决策优化问题，分析了回收再制造环节的协调优化问题，碳排放政策对回收、再制造决策的影响以及专利授权下碳排放政策对制造商与再制造商运作决策的影响。基于分布式鲁棒优化、Pareto多目标优化等构建了回收再制造综合决策优化模型，所构建的模型更接近再制造企业现实，具有较强的操作性和应用性，并根据模型的特点，设计了高效算法进行求解。通过以上研究，进一步丰富了再制造领域的理论研究成果，同时为再制造企业制定运作决策和政府制定碳排放政策提供了指导，具有较强的理论和应用价值。基于项目研究，项目组已在国内外权威期刊上发表学术论文7篇，其中，International Transactions in Operational Research、Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment 和International Journal of Production Research 各1篇，Journal of Cleaner Production 2篇，管理科学学报2篇，在科学出版社和Springer合作出版学术专著各1部，培养硕士研究生6人，参加国内外学术会议12次，使得课题组在科研水平上有了很大提高，在人才培养方面取得了较大进展，同时也促进了课题组与国内外同行的合作交流，超额完成了项目初期拟定的目标。