地质偏压隧道衬砌结构形式及其力学特性的试验研究

This program mainly takes tunnel which is subject to geologically asymmetric pressure as the research object, and deals with the asymmetric influence on bored tunnel in geologically bedding rock mass and non-homogenous rock mass by means of model experiment, numerical simulation and theoretical analysis. Through the research of this program, the condition of causing asymmetric pressure and its influence scope in bedding and non-homogenous rock mass by driving tunnel will be obtained, the method to calculate the asymmetric pressure applied to bored tunnel in bedding and non-homogenous rock mass will be further studied. The new structural type of tunnel lining will be innovated to meet to action of asymmetric rock pressure. The mechanical properties and safety of the new tunnel lining under asymmetric rock pressure will be analyzed. The aim of this program is to set up the method to calculate geologically asymmetric rock pressure applied to tunnel lining, furthermore, to excogitate tunnel lining which is suitable for the action of asymmetric pressure, and to provide scientific basis and technical guide for the design and construction of bored tunnel lining structure subject to asymmetric rock pressure in complicated strata, especially in bedding strata and non-homogenous rock mass in the railway and highway lines in our country so as to guarantee the safe and smooth construction of tunnels in main arteries, meanwhile, to expedite the progress of discipline on tunnel engineering.

本项目以地质偏压隧道为研究对象，采用模型试验、数值计算和理论分析相结合的研究方法，分别对地质顺层岩体和非均质岩体中因暗挖隧道而引起的偏压作用开展研究。通过本项目的研究，以期获得地质顺层与非均质地层中暗挖隧道而形成偏压作用的条件和及其影响范围，进一步研究地质顺层与非均质地层中隧道承受偏压荷载的计算方法，提出与其相适应的隧道新型衬砌结构形式，并分析在地质偏压荷载作用下隧道衬砌的力学特性与安全性。目的在于建立地质偏压隧道偏压作用的计算方法，研究和提出与其相适应的隧道衬砌形式，为今后我国铁路、公路等交通运输线路中复杂地层尤其是顺层和非均质地层中偏压隧道结构的设计与施工提供科学依据和技术指导，保障线路中隧道工程的安全与顺利建设，同时也促进隧道工程学科的发展。

本基金资助项目采用理论分析、室内相似材料模型试验和工程实践相结合的研究方法，对地质偏压隧道所承受的偏压作用及其发生的条件和偏压分布特点开展了系统研究，分别以地质顺层、倾斜地形、非均质节理岩体为研究对象，就上述岩体中因开挖隧道后围岩对隧道衬砌产生偏压的判定条件及其偏压作用大小的计算方法和分布特点进行了研究，并分别给出了在上述地层中围岩对隧道衬砌产生偏压的判定条件和隧道衬砌结构所承受地层偏压作用的计算方法，同时结合偏压作用提出了适用于偏压地层中的隧道衬砌新型结构形式，将研究所得出的计算方法和衬砌结构应用到实际工程的隧道结构设计中，解决了偏压隧道成因判定和衬砌结构设计的系列问题。研究所得出的地层产生地质偏压的判定条件和偏压作用计算方法对地质偏压隧道偏压作用的计算以及偏压地层中隧道衬砌结构的设计均具有理论意义和工程应用价值。