基于微观结构分析的GFRP型材海洋环境下劣化机理及其控制

Pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) profiles have been applied in dock pontoons, oil platforms, rapid fabricate houses in island, and other marine structures because of their advanced functions and properties, such as reliable performance, low price, and good designability. However, the marine environment has a big effect on the GFRP matrix resin and the interface between matrix and fiber. Physical aging and chemical aging occur for the matrix resin, thus leading to the reduction of the mechanical properties. Most previous durability research have focused on the aging behavior and the law, but the deterioration mechanism and durability reinforcement based on microstructure analysis have become increasingly prominent issues, and need to be carried out systematicly.. Therefore, the research object of this project is the pultruded GFRP profiles subjected to marine environment. The main research contents include three sections as follows: Firstly, the deterioration law of macroeconomic performance of the pultruded GFRP profiles under the effects of salinity, temperature, moisture, and UV intensity will be determined. Secondly, the chemical structural changes, the movement of the polymer chain segments, and the deterioration situation of the interface before and after the aging testing of GFRP profiles will be observed by the microstructure characterization methods, thus, the relationship between macroscopic properties and their microstructure will be explored, revealing the deterioration mechanism. Finally, the nanoparticles modified resin based GFRP, which can simultaneously improve resistance to heat, salt spray and UV radiation, will be constructed using the principles of molecular assembly, thus a method of corrosion control will be proposed.

GFRP拉挤型材因其性能可靠、价格低、可设计性强等优势可应用在浮桥码头、采油平台、岛礁快速拼接房屋等海洋结构工程中。然而海洋环境对GFRP的树脂基体以及基体/纤维界面影响较大，使基体发生物理老化和化学老化，最终导致其力学性能衰退。已有研究侧重于老化行为和规律，而微观机理以及腐蚀控制措施亟须系统研究。. 本项目以海洋环境GFRP型材为研究对象，研究内容主要包括：1）探讨海水盐度、温度、湿度、紫外线强度等因素作用下GFRP型材宏观性能退化规律，给出GFRP型材在海洋环境作用下的环境折减系数；2）基于微观结构表征手段测试GFRP型材老化前后化学结构变化、高分子链段的运动情况、界面劣化情况等微观结构性能，探讨宏观性能与其微观结构之间的关系，揭示劣化机理；3）采用分子组装原理构筑能够同时提高耐湿热、盐雾以及紫外辐射能力的纳米粒子改性树脂基GFRP，提出一种腐蚀控制的方法。

GFRP拉挤型材因其性能可靠、价格低、可设计性强等优势可应用海洋结构工程中。然而海洋环境对GFRP的树脂基体以及基体/纤维界面影响较大，使基体发生物理老化和化学老化，最终导致其力学性能衰退。已有研究侧重于老化行为和规律，而微观机理以及腐蚀控制措施亟须系统研究。本项目以海洋环境GFRP型材为研究对象，研究了以下内容：1）探讨了温度、湿度、盐份、紫外线强度等因素作用下GFRP型材宏观性能退化规律，给出GFRP型材在海洋环境作用下的寿命预测模型；2）采用现代微观表征手段从化学结构变化、热解动力学以及微观结构形貌角度揭示复合材料GFRP型材性能退化规律；3）成功制备出新型蒙脱土-量子点复合纳米单体，采用该纳米单体制备的GFRP材料不仅提高了耐湿热性能，而且实现了屏蔽紫外线的作用，提出一种腐蚀控制的方法。