高速铁路轨道几何不平顺动力演变机制及其状态识别与控制研究

As the excitation source of railway wheel-rail dynamic system, track geometric irregularities will affect the vibrations of railway vehicle and track system directly, and then affect their service performances. On the one hand, the dynamic interaction between the vehicle and the track system will be aggravated due to the excitation of track geometric irregularities. On the other hand, the sizes and characteristics of track geometric irregularities will be reflected in the responses of the vehicle and track system. Track geometric irregularities and their evolutions are interactional and inseparable with the whole railway vehicle-track-foundation coupled vibration system. So, by using the method of combining theoretical and statistical analysis, numerical simulation and pattern recognition method, the association relationships between track geometric irregularities and their state evolutions and the deformations under rails and the vehicle-track coupled vibration system are systematically investigated in this project. The dynamic mechanism of track irregularity state evolution is revealed. The characteristic response index of the vehicel-track coupled system sensitive to the states of different types of track geometric irregularities are ascertained, and the corresponding expression approaches are presented. On this basis, the state recognition technique of track geometric irregularities and the estimation method for track geometric irregularity control threshold of high-speed railway are researched based on the wheel-rail dynamic service performances. Finally, the suggestive control thresholds of different types of track geometric irregularities of high-speed railway are investigated and obtained. The achievements of the project are expected to be capable of providing references for the scientific assessment and maintenance management of track geometric irregularities of high-speed railways in China.

轨道几何不平顺作为轮轨系统的激振源直接影响铁路车辆和轨道系统的振动，进而影响其服役性能。车辆与轨道间动力相互作用因轨道几何不平顺的作用而加剧，轨道几何不平顺的大小和特征也会反应在车轨系统振动响应特征上。轨道几何不平顺及其状态演变与整个车－轨－线路基础振动系统间是相互影响、密不可分的。本项目运用理论分析、数值模拟、概率统计和模式识别等相结合的研究手段，系统研究高速铁路轨道几何不平顺及其状态演变与轨下基础不均匀变形、高速车辆－轨道耦合振动系统间的关联关系，揭示轨道几何不平顺状态演变的动力机制，探明对不同型式轨道几何不平顺状态敏感的车轨系统响应统计特征量及其表述方式，在此基础上，研究基于轮轨动态服役性能的高速铁路轨道几何不平顺状态识别技术和控制阈值估算方法，获得高速行车条件下不同类型轨道几何不平顺的控制阈值建议值。预期研究结果可为我国高速铁路轨道几何不平顺的科学评定和养护维修管理提供有益参考。

轨道几何不平顺作为轮轨系统的激振源直接影响铁路车辆和轨道系统的振动，进而影响其服役性能。车辆与轨道间动力相互作用因轨道几何不平顺的作用而加剧，轨道几何不平顺的大小和特征也会反应在车轨系统振动响应特征上。轨道几何不平顺及其状态演变与整个车－轨－线路基础振动系统间是相互影响、密不可分的。为此，以中国高速铁路轨道几何不平顺为研究对象，围绕高速铁路轨道几何不平顺状态演变、识别与控制等关键科学问题，采用理论分析、数值模拟、概率统计和模式识别等相结合的研究手段，将轨道几何不平顺及其发展变化与轨下基础变形等轨道状态破坏形式以及车辆－轨道耦合动力学分析相结合，系统研究高速铁路轨道几何不平顺及其状态演变与轨下基础不均匀变形、高速车辆－轨道耦合振动系统间的关联关系，揭示轨道几何不平顺状态演变的动力机制，研究动荷载作用下不同型式的轨道几何不平顺对高速车辆－轨道耦合振动系统的动力影响规律，探寻对不同型式轨道几何不平顺状态敏感的车轨系统响应统计特征量，在此基础上，以高速行车安全性、舒适性为准则，结合现代统计学理论方法，研究基于轮轨动态服役性能的高速铁路轨道几何不平顺状态识别技术和控制阈值估算方法，获得高速行车条件下不同类型轨道几何不平顺的控制阈值建议值。本项目研究结果可为我国高速铁路轨道几何不平顺的科学评定和养护维修管理提供有益参考，对我国高速铁路轨道几何不平顺状态评定及其养修技术发展具有重要理论意义，具有良好的应用前景。