低碳智能型tourmaline改性沥青电性能机理及其多重环境功效基础研究

Research and development of multifunctional and low-carbon modified bitumen is the key technology of environment-friendly road construction. Based on the reason that electric charge has the function of absorbing harmful gas and impurities, bitumen being equipped with electric performance will certainly improve the pavement environment. Through lots of deep research and experimental selection, the intelligent tourmaline modified bitumen is creatively proposed for the first time, which has multiple environmental functions, such as emission reduction of hot-mixed bitumen mixture, flame retardant and smoking suppression, and pavement cooling effect. A systematic study will be made on the piezoelectric and thermoelectric properties of bitumen modified by different types of tourmaline. In addition, the multifunction mechanism of tourmaline modified bitumen is characterized comprehensively from many aspects, including physical and chemical reaction, interface micro-structure, aggregation structure and electric field effect. We will carry on deep research to the effect of emission reduction, flame retardant, smoking suppression and pavement cooling about tourmaline modified bitumen, and obtain the factors and rules that affect the above effects. Further more, the effect of modified bitumen pavement performance improved by tourmaline will be made further macroscopic research. And the storage stability of tourmaline modified bitumen will be evaluated. This project will not only build a solid foundation for the development and application of new multifunctional and low-carbon pavement materials, but also contribute to further expansion in the application field of tourmaline.

多功能低碳改性沥青的研发是环境友好型道路建设的关键技术。基于电荷对有害气体及杂质的吸附作用，沥青具备电性能后必将有助于改善路面环境功能，通过大量试验筛选，创造性提出具有电性能以及热拌减排、阻燃抑烟与降低路面温度等多重环境功效的新型智能电气石粉（tourmaline）改性沥青。系统研究不同类型电气石粉改性沥青的压、热电性能，从改性沥青的物化反应、微观结构、聚集态结构及电场效应等方面，深层次揭示电气石粉改性沥青多功能化机理；深入研究电气石粉改性沥青的热拌减排效果、阻燃抑烟效果及降低路面温度效果，确定各种功效的影响因素及规律；进一步宏观研究电气石粉改性沥青的路用性能改善效果，并评价其存储稳定性。本项目不但可以为新型多功能低碳路面材料的研发及应用奠定坚实基础，也将进一步拓宽电气石的应用领域。

本项目以“发展低碳经济，建设双型道路”为背景，针对目前传统热拌沥青混合料污染较重的问题、沥青路面吸热率高与夏季能量蓄积加剧城市“热岛效应”的问题、汽车尾气排放污染大气的问题以及隧道用路面等对沥青阻燃性要求较高的问题，以Tourmaline为基础材料，自主研发了同时具备热拌减排、降低路面温度、净化空气和阻燃抑烟等环境功效的道路低碳多功能改性沥青材料，突破了传统改性沥青材料功能单一的技术难题，从低碳多功能改性沥青及其混合料路用性能、环境功效、作用机理等方面展开了全面系统研究。建立了一种基于质量&含量的无机微粉改性沥青离析定量试验方法，解决了无机微粉改性沥青相容性评价技术难题；开发了密闭式沥青烟测试装置、净化空气多性能测试装置及路面材料自温控性能测试装置，创建了热拌减排、降低路面温度、净化空气和阻燃抑烟四大功能成套测试方法；基于电荷迁移原理，采用微观材料分析手段，揭示了低碳多功能改性沥青各功能机理；开发了低碳多功能改性沥青混合料专家决策系统，确定了不同低碳改性沥青材料的功能适用性，实现了性能、功能、应用一体优化。研究成果对我国路面材料的发展及道路沿线的环境保护具有积极的推动作用，对今后全国低碳道路建设都具有十分重要的指导意义，对行业的科技进步起到了引领和推动作用，具有很高的应用推广价值。