Tuberculosis (TB) cause serious threatens to both national health and comprehensive development of socio-economy, making ending the TB epidemic the first priority. The design of novel vaccine, development of anti-tuberculosis drugs and establishment of new methods for tuberculosis diagnosis requires understanding the mechanism of protective immune response against Mtb systematically and thoroughly. However, the role of innate immune cells (e.g., macrophages, Vγ2Vδ2 T cells) in this protective immune response has not been fully investigated. Our preliminary data suggested the impairment of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells derived from active TB patients in producing IFN-γ in response to IL-12+IL-18 cosignaling. This study is aimed to systematically explore the molecular mechanism by which IL-12 synergizes with IL-18 to regulate the production of IFN-γ by Vγ2Vδ2 T cells, reveal the molecular basis for the down-regulation of innate anti-tuberculosis function of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells in active tuberculosis, and explore whether the magnitude of innate anti-tuberculosis functions correlates with the prognosis of tuberculosis received chemical drugs treatment. Elucidating the innate anti-tuberculosis function of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells will provide a new perspective for seeking noval targets of immune intervention to TB.
结核病严重威胁我国民众健康与社会经济全面发展,控制结核疫情迫在眉睫。新型结核疫苗的设计、抗结核药物的研发以及新型结核诊断方法的确立,都要求系统全面理解机体保护性抗结核感染机理。然而,天然免疫细胞(巨噬细胞、Vγ2Vδ2T细胞等)在机体保护性抗结核感染中的作用并未得到充分研究。我们在预实验中发现,活动性结核病人来源的Vγ2Vδ2T细胞应答IL-12+IL-18刺激产生IFN-γ功能受损。本研究系统挖掘IL-12+IL-18调控Vγ2Vδ2T细胞天然抗结核功能的分子机理,并揭示结核病人来源的Vγ2Vδ2T细胞天然抗结核功能下调的分子基础,最后论证Vγ2Vδ2T细胞天然抗结核功能的强弱与结核病化药治疗的预后好坏是否相关。阐明Vγ2Vδ2T细胞的天然抗结核功能,将为结核免疫干预、治疗提供新靶点。
结核病(Tuberculosis,TB)是由结核杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb)及其复合菌群感染引起的传染性疾病。耐药结核病,指的是结核病人体内的结核分枝杆菌对一种一线抗结核药物(即异烟肼、利福平、乙胺丁醇、吡嗪酰胺以及链霉素)产生耐药。耐多药结核病则是指至少对异烟肼和利福平耐药。近些年,耐多药结核病的出现和流行,使得结核病的防治面临更加严峻的挑战。我国近1/3结核病人为耐药病人,1/10以上病人为耐多药结核。目前耐多药结核病的治疗非常困难:耐多药结核病人目前基本无药可用,几乎不可能被完全治愈。耐多药结核病是结核病疫情控制的难点所在。目前结核病治疗中,主要依靠直接监督下的短期化疗方案。这一方法至少需要6个月的疗程,治疗周期较长。长时间大量的服用药物,将导致病人失去耐心,从而中断或缩短治疗。中断治疗将导致高复发率,残存的细菌将会对初始治疗的药物产生抗性,产生耐药菌株。抗结核化学药物和免疫治疗的联合使用有可能为耐多药结核病的治疗开辟新途径。本项目旨在表征耐多药结核病患者体内Vγ2Vδ2 T细胞在抗结核免疫功能上的缺陷,并探索其中的分子机理。我们的数据表明,耐多药结核病患者体内的Vγ2Vδ2 T细胞的扩增能力减弱,且扩增后分泌抗结核效应功能的细胞因子量低,同时这一类细胞对胞内感染结核杆菌的杀菌功能降低;分子表型证明耐多药结核病患者体内的Vγ2 T细胞高表达免疫检查点分子CTLA4,而呈现出FOXP3+CD25+的Treg-like的分化状态;耐多药结核病与药物敏感性结核病患者外周血来源的Vγ2 T细胞在转录组水平上呈现明显差异,在体外特异性抗原刺激下产生的IL-10存在差异。这些数据揭示了耐多药结核病患者体内的Vγ2Vδ2 T细胞在数量和功能上的受损,表型为更多地抗原特异地分泌IL10和高表达CTLA4。这些结果提示了靶向Vγ2Vδ2 T细胞而治疗耐多药结核病的新策略。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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