基于柔性锌-空气电池主动供电的一体化可穿戴压力传感器制备及理论研究

As an emerging electronics with excellent deformability and stability, the diversified flexible and wearable sensors are developing rapidly across the world in electronic skin, wearable physiological monitoring, human-computer interaction, etc. However, it is noteworthy that most of these devices rely on external power supply (rigid battery) to work, which leads to the overall system being too large and hinders their lightness and convenience in wearable applications. Therefore, aiming at the problems of poor flexibility, large volume and difficult integration with sensor materials, etc., we will carry out research on the design, preparation and mechanism of integrated active-powered flexible pressure sensor for human physiological health monitoring. Firstly, based on the principle of zinc-air battery, an environment-friendly polymer hydrogel neutral electrolyte sandwich structure thin flexible battery is synthesized as the power part of the device. The influence factors of material composition structure on electrical performance and flexibility are analyzed to reveal its action mechanism. Second, interfacial composite and assembly design of graphene-based pressure sensor with sandwich structure using common zinc electrode of battery, namely, an integrated active-powered flexible pressure sensor with layer upon layer structure is formed and its interface assembly principle is explored. And how to make the power generated by the sensor meet the demand of the sensor and the wireless signal transmission circuit. As a medical diagnostic device, there is no need for external power supply, and the establishment of a relationship model to detect human physiological health indicators provides an excellent solution for human physiological health monitoring.

柔性压力传感器研究应用已体现在电子皮肤、可穿戴生理监测、人机交互等诸多方面，但仍需外接电源（刚性电池）驱动其运行，导致系统整体偏大，阻碍其在可穿戴应用中的轻薄化和便捷化。本项目针对传感器动力部分柔性差、体积大、难与传感器材料集成等问题，拟开展一体化主动供电柔性压力传感器的设计制备及机理研究，并用于人体生理健康监测。第一，基于锌-空气电池原理，合成环境友好的聚合物水凝胶中性电解质组成三明治结构轻薄柔性电池作为器件动力部分，解析材料的组成结构对电性能和柔性的影响因素，揭示其作用机理。第二，公用电池的锌电极进行界面复合与组装，设计三明治结构石墨烯基压力传感器，即形成层层堆叠结构的一体化主动供电柔性压力传感器，探索其界面组装原理，并研究如何使其自身产生的电能同时满足传感器与无线信号传输电路用电。作为医疗诊断器件无需外部供电，并建立检测人体生理健康指标关系模型，为人体生理健康监测提供优越的解决方案。

具有高舒适度和自供电特性的智能柔性传感器件对于下一代可穿戴式人体传感界面至关重要。然而，当前大多数传感器件面临的主要问题是不能独立工作，仍需要外部电源供能才可运行使用。本项目中，我们研制了一种主动供电式压力传感纤维器件，将软物质电池单元和基于织物的传感单元集成到一个柔性的器件体系结构中，该结构体系提供了舒适可靠的人感接口以及持续供电的动力系统，可用于可穿戴的人体生理和活动监测。值得注意的是，主动供电传感织物动力单元提供的开路电压约1 V，短路电流密度约35 mA/cm2，容量约为2.6 mA.h/cm2。特别设计的固态中性水凝胶电解质显示出高安全性和高抗压性，从而保证了施压以及弯折过程中动力输出功率保持高度的稳定性。此外，在0-300 kPa压力范围测试中表现出较高的灵敏度19.6 Ω-1/kPa，响应时间为9 ms。作为可穿戴应用，主动供电压力传感织物器件可以自行为整个系统供电，检测的脉搏信号通过蓝牙系统进行数据处理并无线传输或LED视觉直接显示。基于独特的供电性能及其出色的传感性能，主动供电压力传感织物器件在新兴的可穿戴应用（包括健康监测，手势识别和运动监测）中具有巨大的潜力。