Acute kidney injury (AKI) has become a global health challenge due to its high morbidity, mortality and high cost in hospitalized patients, but its therapeutic strategies is limited to non-specific symptomatic supportive treatment. The inflammation caused by immune cells, including macrophages and the cell death of renal tubular epithelial cells are involved in AKI. Melanocortin have a renoprotective effect in AKI mediated by systemic immunomodulation and directly protective effect on the renal tubular epitheliums. However, which receptor is responsible for the renoprotective effect of melanocortin is not known. Because of the abundant expression of melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) renal tubular epitheliums and macrophages, abnormal polarization in MC1R knockout cells, aggravated organ function in MC1R loss-of-function mouse, MC1R is considered to response the renoprotective effect of melanocortin. In order to verify the hypothesis, congenital MC1R loss-of-function mice will be used to induced the AKI model, primary epitheliums and macrophages isolated from the MC1R loss-of-function mice will be used to investigate the effect of MC1R loss-of-function to AKI. Moreve, MC1R loos-of-function chimeric mice will be constructed through bone marrow transplantation and used to validate our hypothesis profoundly. This study will provide new support for AKI therapeutic strategies.
急性肾损伤(AKI)因在住院患者中的高患病率、死亡率以及高花费成为全球瞩目的健康问题,但目前仍缺乏特异性的靶向治疗。巨噬细胞等免疫细胞介导的炎症反应,肾小管上皮细胞的直接损伤都是AKI发生的重要机制。黑皮质素可以通过系统性免疫调节作用、肾小管直接保护作用在AKI中发挥肾脏保护作用。然而,黑皮质素的肾脏保护作用究竟通过哪一种受体所介导目前尚未可知。鉴于巨噬细胞和肾小管上皮细胞均表达丰富的黑皮质素受体1(MC1R),且在其他系统的研究和预实验结果显示MC1R的敲除或失功能将导致巨噬细胞的异常极化和相应脏器的损伤加重,因此,我们提出假设MC1R失功能将加重AKI肾脏损伤。为验证假设,我们应用先天性MC1R失功能小鼠制作AKI模型,从巨噬细胞和肾小管上皮细胞两方面探讨MC1R失功能对AKI的影响,同时通过骨髓移植制作骨髓嵌合体小鼠更深入的验证我们的假设。本研究将为AKI的新疗法提供理论依据。
.急性肾损伤是临床常见的急危重症,探讨其发生机制具有重要意义。黑皮质素系统和巨噬细胞是AKI发生发展的重要参与者,但他们是如何参与AKI发生发展的尚不明确。因此本研究应用先天性MC1R失功能小数制作AKI模型,分别从巨噬细胞和肾小管上皮细胞两方面探讨MC1R失功能对AKI的影响。主要研究结果显示:.1、分别在WT和MC1Re/e小鼠建立FA所致AKI模型,从血液、尿液标本,肾脏组织病理学和肾组织AKI相关标记物的检测等发面发现MC1R失功能可加重AKI模型小鼠的肾脏损伤,表现为MC1R失功能上调了炎症相关蛋白的表达、促进巨噬细胞从M0到M1的极化,抑制其从M0到M2的极化。.2、获取WT和MC1Re/e小鼠的原代肾小管上皮细胞进行体外培养并建立体外AKI细胞模型,发现MC1R失功能可通过上调炎症相关蛋白的表达进而加重肾小管上皮细胞的损伤。.3、获取WT和MC1Re/e小鼠的原代巨噬细胞进行体外培养并进行体外诱导极化,发现MC1R失功能通过STAT通路促进巨噬细胞从M0到M1的极化,抑制其从M0到M2的极化。.4、分别以WT和MC1Re/e小鼠为受体,分别给予Vehicle、WT和e/e小鼠骨髓,建立嵌合体小鼠,并构建AKI模型,结果发现MC1R失功能后的巨噬细胞将加重WT AKI小鼠肾脏的损伤程度,WT小鼠正常极化的巨噬细胞可减轻MC1R失功能AKI小鼠的肾脏损伤。.5、采用免疫电镜的方法,观察了MC1R在人、大鼠、小鼠肾脏各固有细胞细胞器的定位,发现MC1R主要定位于细胞膜和线粒体膜。.本研究课题认真按照项目申请书计划实施,顺利完成了原有研究计划,取得的研究结果与原研究假说基本一致。以此同时,在过去的研究中,适当拓宽了原有的研究内容,系统的研究了MC1R在人、大鼠、小鼠肾脏各固有细胞细胞器的定位,并进一步观察了在不同AKI模型鼠中,MC1R表达量的变化。为后期进一步探讨MC1R在AKI发生发展中的作用,应用MC1R激动剂预防或治疗AKI奠定了基础。.
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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