犬组织工程半月板的构建及体内重塑效果和机理研究

The meniscus is a key component of the knee-joint, having important functions in increasing the dent of femoral condyle, padding the medial and lateral condyle of femur, transmitting the load of knee-joint, feeding articular cartilage, increasing and lubricating the contact surface of the joint, buffering the shock of the joint and maintaining the joint stability. Meniscus injury is a common surgical disease of human and animal, it can make the load of knee-joint change, the joint ligament injury, the joint cartilage fracture, the femur and tibia degenerate and the limb motor dysfunction. The weak blood supply of meniscus results in the poor damage healing ability. This makes the poor effects on traditional meniscectomy and/or repair therapy, with cartilage degeneration, articular cavity stenosis and osteoarthritis. This study intends to start from the synergistic ratio of seed cells and the overall performance optimization of artificial scaffolds, construct tissue engineering meniscus using the canine BMSCs and EPCs and scaffolds made by us. Then, the tissue engineering meniscus will be transplanted into canine model to repair the meniscal defect, research the repair effect and open up a new way for veterinary clinical treatment of animal meniscus injury cases. Further, the seed cells will be labeled with EGFP and their proliferation and differentiation rules in dogs will be traced to expound the mechanism of their participation in the meniscus reconstruction and shaping, which will provide reference information for human medical research.

半月板是膝关节的重要组成部分，具有增加股骨髁凹陷、衬垫股骨内外髁、传递关节负荷、营养关节软骨、增加和润滑关节接触面、缓冲关节震荡和维持关节稳定等重要功能。半月板损伤是人和动物均发的一种常见外科病，可致膝关节受力负荷发生改变，关节韧带损伤、软骨骨折，股骨和胫骨发生退行性病变，患肢运动功能障碍。半月板血液供应微弱，损伤愈合能力很差，致使损伤半月板切除和/或修复的传统疗法效果不佳，易出现软骨退变、关节腔狭窄和骨性关节炎。本研究拟从优化不同种子细胞的协同比例和人工支架的整体性能入手，采用犬BMSCs、EPCs和自制支架构建组织工程半月板，并进行组织工程半月板移植，研究其对犬半月板缺损的修复效果，为兽医临床治疗动物半月板损伤病例开辟新途径；进一步对种子细胞进行荧光标记，示踪其增殖和分化规律，初步阐明它们参与半月板重建和塑型的机理，为人类医学研究提参考资料。

半月板是膝关节的重要组成部分，具有增加股骨髁凹陷、衬垫股骨内外髁、传递关节负荷、营养关节软骨、增加和润滑关节接触面、缓冲关节震荡和维持关节稳定等重要功能。半月板损伤是人和动物均发的一种常见外科病，可致膝关节受力负荷发生改变，关节韧带损伤、软骨骨折，股骨和胫骨发生退行性病变，患肢运动功能障碍。半月板血液供应微弱，损伤愈合能力很差，致使损伤半月板切除和/或修复的传统疗法效果不佳，易出现软骨退变、关节腔狭窄和骨性关节炎。本项目从犬BMSCs 和EPCs 的分离、培养和鉴定入手，主要对半月板脱细胞基质支架和3D打印支架的生理学特性、孔隙结构及细胞相容性进行研究；继而利用两种不同支架和两种干细胞分别构建，利用组织工程半月板修复模型犬半月板缺损，为兽医临床治疗动物半月板损伤病例开辟新途径；进一步对种子细胞进行荧光标记，示踪其增殖和分化规律，初步阐明了他们参与半月板重建和塑型的机理，为人类医学研究提参考资料。项目资助发表论文5篇，待发表论文2篇；培养硕士生6名，均已经获得硕士学位。项目投入直接经费64万元，支出52.7957万元，各项支出基本与预算相符。剩余经费11.2043万元，计划用于本项目的后续研究支出和论文发表。