云南典型山地民居的气候适应机理研究

In Yunnan mountainous area the terrain is complex and three-dimensional climate is obvious where many of the same latitude area climate is completely different because of the influence of altitude and topography so the form of dwellings has differences. These montanic houses adapted well to the local natural conditions which form, building materials and space has close relation with local climate in thousands years in spite of their construction technology and indoor environment is falling behind. In these montanic dwellings simple ecological thought is contained. They are the model of sustainable buildings which has the advantage of energy consumption, environmental effect and carbon emission. This project will get amount of data of yunnan typical climate of mountainous areas, traditional houses skill, living environment and mode of local residents through some works like basic research, site test and etc. Following that using the computer technology we will make a deep analysis and classification of mountain climate by means of many elements. On that basis combined with test data of physical environment we will take theoretical analysis and experimental research on settlement patterns, building material, construction style and plan, elevation, section form. After that we will summarize the montanic dwellings' ecological rules adapting to climate scientifically and provide beneficial reference for the regeneration of traditional dwellings and sustainable design of new houses in Yunnan mountain areas.

云南山地地形复杂，气候变化多样，因垂直高度骤变而形成的立体气候致使同纬度地域的民居建筑在空间组织和构造选材上存在着很大的差异，但这些民居均呈现出良好的气候适应性，在能耗、环境影响以及碳排放等方面都是可持续建筑的典范,具有很强的节能与低碳的生态特性。本项目通过对云南典型山地民居的基础调研、现场测试等工作，获得大量云南典型山地气候数据、传统民居技艺、人居环境现状和当地居民生活模式的基础资料，结合计算机软件利用多气候要素的方法对山区气候进行深入分析，并在此基础上结合现场物理环境测试对典型山地民居的聚落形态及平立剖面形式、建筑材料和建造方式进行深入的理论分析和实验研究，对其气候适应机理进行归纳总结，为云南山地民居的再生和新农村建筑的可持续设计提供理论和技术支持。

云南山地地形复杂，气候变化多样，因垂直高度骤变而形成的立体气候致使同纬度地域的民居建筑在空间组织和构造选材上存在着很大的差异，但这些民居均呈现出良好的气候适应性，在能耗、环境影响以及碳排放等方面都是可持续建筑的典范,具有很强的节能与低碳的生态特性。.本课题通过对云南澜沧景迈山、大理云龙、昭通彝良等几处气候差异较大地区的传统民居的基础调研、现场测试等工作，获得当地气候数据，收集传统民居技艺、人居环境现状和当地居民生活模式的基础资料，结合计算机软件模拟等手段对山区气候进行深入分析，并在此基础上结合现场物理环境测试对典型山地民居的聚落形态及平立剖面形式、建筑材料和建造方式进行深入的理论分析和实验研究，对其气候适应机理进行归纳总结，分析传统民居在适应气候方面的优秀作法和存在的弊端，进而讨论传统民居需要继承和发展的内容，以及目前存在着传统民居自身无法克服的弊端是需要我们借助于科学方法进行改进的部分，为典型山地民居的再生和新农村建筑的可持续设计提供理论和技术支持。.项目开展过程中，我们分别对三地的多处民居进行冬夏两季室内外物理环境的测试，包括室内外温湿度、太阳辐射、室内外风速、室内表面平均辐射温度等，进而对测试数据进行分析和整理，在分析结果的基础上提出其室内物理环境改善建议，归纳出设计策略为当地民居的设计和更新提供依据。