基于海洋能自供给的人工上升流技术机理与关键技术研究

In recent years, ecological deterioration in china seas became a serious problem, which appears as waters eutrophication, red tides happen frequently. Artificial upwelling can lift the nutrient-rich sea water near the seabed to nearly euphotic layer, so as to renovate the marine environment, increase marine carbon sink and possibly restrain the red tide and so on. According to the shortcomings that a single conventional energy or renewable energy sources could not supply the uninterrupted, long-term stable power output, this project intends to carry out the study on power self-supply and pumping technology of artificial upwelling, aiming to the development of an artificial upwelling engineering prototype based on marine energy self-supply, which could solve the above problems. The research contents of this project include the key technologies of power self-supply for artificial upwelling based on ocean energy, wave energy conversion based on multi axis wave energy converter and influx pumping based on pneumatic power transmission, so as to realize the coordinated utilization of wave energy, offshore wind energy, solar and other renewable ocean energy, finally enhancing the capability and reliability of autonomous experimental operations of artificial upwelling in the small and medium scale (1-10 km) in the open sea. As a result, through this project, some new theories and technical measures can be provided in these areas such as utilization of ocean energy and marine environmental renovation.

近年来我国海域富营养化，赤潮频发，生态环境恶化严重。人工上升流技术可将海底富营养盐水体提升至真光层，修复海洋生态环境。本项目拟根据当前人工上升流工程化试验过程中的薄弱环节，针对单一常规能源或可再生能源在大洋中不能长期稳定不间断供能的缺点，开展人工上升流自供给供能和泵气技术方案研究，研制经济有效并可长时间持续稳定运行的基于海洋能能量自供给的人工上升流工程样机，重点研究内容包括基于海洋能自供给的人工上升流供能技术、多轴吸收气压传动波浪能转换技术和多轴吸收气压传动波浪能汇集泵气技术等关键技术，实现对波浪能、海上风能和太阳能等多种海洋可再生能源协调利用，提升在开阔大洋上开展中小尺度（1-10km）人工上升流调控实验的海上自主作业能力和可靠性，并开展海域试验研究，从而为我国海洋能可持续开发利用和海洋生态环境的治理利用提供理论基础和必要的技术支撑。

近年来我国海域富营养化，赤潮频发，生态环境恶化严重。人工上升流技术可将海底富营养盐水体提升至真光层，修复海洋生态环境。本项目根据当前人工上升流工程化试验过程中的薄弱环节，针对单一常规能源或可再生能源在大洋中不能长期稳定不间断供能的缺点，开展了人工上升流自供给供能和泵气技术方案研究，研制了经济有效并可长时间持续稳定运行的基于海洋能能量自供给的人工上升流工程样机，重点研究内容包括基于海洋能自供给的人工上升流供能技术、多轴吸收气压传动波浪能转换技术和多轴吸收气压传动波浪能汇集泵气技术等关键技术，实现了对波浪能、海上风能和太阳能等多种海洋可再生能源协调利用，研制了一台集成波浪能、海上风能和太阳能的漂浮式海上多能互补能源供给平台，在舟山东极岛附近开阔大洋上开展了十天的人工上升流调控海试实验，实验成功验证了自主研制的基于海洋能能量自供给的人工上升流工程样机海上自主作业能力和可靠性，从而为我国海洋能可持续开发利用和海洋生态环境的治理利用提供理论基础和必要的技术支撑。