川金丝猴社会性偏侧及其与情绪的关系研究

Research on hand preference in nonhuman primates brings essential light to evolutionary origins of human cerebral lateralization. All non-human primates belong to the social species, but most studies on non-human primates laterality focus on individual behaviors, and studies on social behaviors is quilt limited. We will observe and record affiliative behaviors (approaching, embracing and allogrooming) and aggressive behavior (grasping), and unsocial behaviors (autogrooming and feeding) in Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). The social laterality in each individual in each behavior will be analysed and the results can help to indicate the difference of behavioral laterality between social behavior and individual behavior. Moreover, the regulation mechaism of the brain specialization on emotion in human is unclear so far, and the valence specific hypothesis and the right-hemisphere hypothesis are both classical theories in the regulation of brain on emotion. In the study, individual social laterality will be compared under positive emotion (affiliative behaviors) and negative emotion (aggressive behaviors). We try to clear the expression of brain on emotion in non-human primates and help to understand the regulation mechaism of brain on emotion in human. Fianlly, we will also plan to determinate the influence of dominance rank on behavioral laterality provide more information on the research of non-human primates.

对非人灵长类行为偏侧的研究有利于揭示人类大脑半球特化的进化起源。然而，非人灵长类均属于社会性物种，而对其行为偏侧的研究大多却只关注其非社会行为，对其社会行为的调查非常有限。本研究通过对川金丝猴的多种社会行为包括友好行为（趋近、拥抱和相互理毛）和攻击行为（抓打）以及非社会行为（单手理毛和取食行为）进行观察，分析各行为偏侧表现，揭示社会属性对川金丝猴行为偏侧的影响。此外，人类大脑对情绪的调控机制还未完全弄清楚，情绪的效价理论和大脑右半球理论是关于大脑对情绪调控的两个经典理论，本研究从正性情绪（友好行为）和负性情绪（攻击行为）两种状态下川金丝猴相关社会行为的偏侧进行比较，探索大脑对情绪的调控在非人灵长类中的表现，有利于理解人类大脑对情绪的调控机制。最后，本研究还分析了个体等级顺位对其社会行为偏侧的影响，为非人灵长类社会性偏侧的研究提供有多的信息。

本项目以川金丝猴这种具有复杂社会结构的物种为研究对象，在前人多年肢体偏侧研究的基础上，通过在野外收集个体社会行为和个体行为学数据，对比分析发现社会相互作用的增强并未增加个体的肢体偏侧水平。有趣的是，社会相互作用的增强反而使得个体肢体偏侧强度减弱，这一变化可能由于社会性行为发生过程中个体更易受到与其相互作用个体姿势和/或行为的干扰而使其肢体偏好表达发生改变。此外，本项目对不同情绪背景下的拥抱行为进行了研究，初步发现负性情绪的增加并未改变拥抱行为偏侧的方向，研究结果偏向于支持大脑右半球假说。但由于时间限制我们后期仍然需要进行更多与情绪相关行为的调查，继续探索情绪与行为偏侧之间的关系。